| A | B |
|---|
| 500+ | # muscles in the body |
| Abduction | Movement away from the midline of the body |
| Adduction | Movement toward the midline of the body |
| Antagonist | Muscle opposes the action of another muscle i.e. muscle spasm |
| Atonic | Lack of muscle tone |
| Atrophy | Wasting or decrease in size of an organ or tissue |
| Biceps | Muscle of upper arm that flexes the arm and forearm |
| Cardiac muscle | Striated in appearance but like smooth muscle in its action. |
| Cardiac muscle | Example of a muscle whose movement cannot be consciously controlled. |
| Dorsiflexion | Flexion backwards of ankle joint |
| Dorsiflexion | Opposite of plantar flexion |
| Extension | Straightening out a limb |
| External Movement | Movement involving contraction & relaxation of muscles that are attached to bones |
| Flexion | Bending a limb; decreasing angle between two bones |
| Hypertrophy | Increase in size of an organ or tissue |
| Internal Movement | Movement involving contraction & relaxation of muscles |
| Muscle Atrophy | Wasting away of muscle caused by disuse of muscle over a long period of time |
| Muscle insertion | Place where the muscle ends |
| Muscle origin | Place where the muscle begins |
| Muscles | Responsible for movement |
| Myalgia | Muscle tenderness or pain |
| Plantar Flexion | Motion that extends the foot downward toward the ground (pointing toes) |
| Pronation | Turning the hand - placing the palm downward |
| Rotation | Circular movement around an axis |
| Smooth Muscles | Muscle fibers that move internal organs such as the blood vessels, digestive tract and secretory ducts leading from glands. |
| Smooth Muscles | Also called involuntary or visceral muscles |
| Striated Muscles | Muscle fibers that move all bones as well as the face and eyes. |
| Striated Muscles | Also called voluntary or skeletal muscles |
| Supination | Turning the hand - placing the palm upward |
| Synergist | Muscle that acts together with another muscle - assisting movement |
| Triceps Brachii | Muscle of the posterior upper arm that extends the forearm |
| Sternocleidomastoid | Prime mover of the head |
| Pectoralis Major | Adducts the shoulder |
| Teres Major | Flexes the humerus some rotation |
| Rectus abdominis | Flexes and rotates the lumbar region of our spine |
| Internal and External Oblique | Helps other muscles so that the trunk can rotates and flex |
| Brachioradialis | Flexes elbow supinates forearm |
| Biceps Brachii | Main mover of the forearm |
| Biceps Femoris | Flexes and laterally rotates knee |
| Adductor Longus | adducts , flexes, and laterally rotates thigh |
| Vastus Lateralis | Major extensor of the thigh |
| Semimembranosus | Extends thigh, flexes knee and laterally rotates the leg |
| Tibialis anterior | Main mover for dorsiflexion |
| Rhomboideus Minor | stabilizes, raises, retracts and rotates scapula |
| Latissimus Dorsi | Prime mover for shoulder flexion and adduction |
| Gastrocnemius | Plantar Flexes the foot |
| External Obliques | Help rotate the trunk |
| Sartorius | Move the hip joint and the knee joint |
| Adductors of Thigh | bringing the thighs together |
| Quadriceps Femorius | Crucial in walking, running, jumping and squatting |
| Trapezius | Stabilize and move the scapula |
| Deltoid | Prime mover of arm abduction along the frontal plane |
| Gluteus Maximus | Brings the bent thigh into a line with the body |
