| A | B |
|---|
| NUCLEUS | large, oval structure found in both plant and animal cells. It controls and regulates all cell activities. It contains genetic material. |
| SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM | Transports and modifies organelles, highway for cell. Processes lipids, fats and such. No ribosomes on this organelle |
| CELL | the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms |
| POLAR HEAD | PART OF THE LIPID LAYER OF THE CELL MEMBRANE. CHEMICAL MAKEUP IS PHOSPHATE AND IT IS HYDROPHILLIC |
| NON POLAR TAIL | PART OF THE LIPID BILAYER OF THE CELL MEMBRANE. MADE UP OF FATTY ACIDS AND IS HYDROPHOBIC |
| PHOSPHOLIPID BACKBONE | PART OF THE LIPID BILAYER WHERE THE HEAD AND TAIL ATTACH. MADE UP OF GLYCEROL |
| CELL MEMBRANE | *support *protection *controls movement of materials in/out of cell *barrier between cell and its environment *maintains homeostasis |
| CYTOPLASM | thick, jellylike substance found in both plant and animal cells filling the space between the nucleus and the cell membrane. It contains and supports the cell organelles. This constantly in motion. |
| CHLOROPLAST | uses energy from sun to make food for the plant (photosynthesis) |
| NUCLEOLUS | SITE OF RIBOSOME SYNTHESIS & ASSEMBLY |
| RIBOSOMES | SYNTHESIZE PROTEINS BY LINKING AMINO ACIDS |
| CHLOROPLASTS | FOUND IN PLANT CELL & CONTAINS THE CHEMICAL CHLORPHYLL |
| ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM | an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs or tube like structures known as cisternae with ribosomes attached |
| SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM | Transports and modifies organelles, highway for cell. Processes lipids, fats and such. No ribosomes on this organelle |
| LYSOSOME | Contains digestive enzymes necessary for breaking down materials within a cell |
| MITOCHONDRIA | Provides energy to cell. Have a double membrane. The outside is smooth but the inner is highly folded to increase its surface area. Cellular respiration is performed here, making energy (ATP) for the cell. Has its own DNA and ribosomes - Powerhouse of the cell |
| CYTOSKELETON | Helps maintain cell shape. Its primary importance is in cell motility. It makes the cell move internally and externally. |
| CHROMATIN | plant and animal cell: strands that contain the genetic material that tells the cell how to function. |
| SEMI OR SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE | A property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass through, while others cannot |
| EUKARYOTIC | An organism with cells characteristic of all life forms except primitive microorganisms such as bacteria |
| PROKARYOTIC | A single‐celled organism that lacks a membrane‐bound nucleus and specialized organelles. |
| NUCLEAR MEMBRANE/ENVELOPE | Double membrane that separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell. Contains nuclear pores that controls what goes in and out of the cell. |
| DNA | Hereditary information that gets passed on during reproduction. It also directs the cells activities while not dividing. Responsible for the production of proteins. |
| CHOLESTEROL | PART OF THE PLASMA MEMBRANE IN AN ANIMAL CELL WHICH HELPS THE MEMBRANE BE LESS PERMEABLE AND PROVIDES SUPPORT TO THE PLASMA MEMBRANE WHILE HELPING IT REMAIN FLUID |
| DIFFUSION | MOVEMENT OF SOLUTES FROM AN AREA OF HIGHER CONCENTRATION TO AN AREA OF LOWER CONCENTRATION TO REACH EQUILIBRIUM |
| FACILITATED DIFFUSION | ANOTHER TYPE OF PASSIVE TRANSPORT, USED FOR MOLECULES THAT CANNOT READILY DIFFUSE THROUGH CELL MEMBRANES USUALLY BECAUSE OF THEIR SHAPE AND/OR SIZE |
| FLUID MOSAIC MODEL | DESCRIBES THE ARRANGEMENT AND MOVEMENT OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS & PROTEINS IN BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANE |
| HYDROPHOBIC | CHARACTERISTIC OF FATTY ACID TAILS OF THE PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER WHERE THE TAILS ARE WATER INSOLUABLE AND DISLIKE BEING IN CONTACT WITH WATER MOLECULES |
| HYDROPHILLIC | CHARACTERISTIC OF PHOSPHATE HEADS OF THE PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER WHERE THE HEADS ARE WATER SOLUABLE AND ATTRACTED TO WATER MOLECULES |
| CARBOHYDRATES | USUALLY ATTACHED TO PROTEINS ON THE PLASMA MEMBRANE AND HELP WITH CELL TO CELL IDENTIFICATION |
| CHOLESTEROL | PART OF THE PLASMA MEMBRANE IN AN ANIMAL CELL WHICH HELPS THE MEMBRANE BE LESS PERMEABLE AND PROVIDES SUPPORT TO THE PLASMA MEMBRANE WHILE HELPING IT REMAIN FLUID |
| LYSIS | BREAKING DOWN OF THE CELL MEMBRANE RESULTING IN THE SWELLING OF CELLS WHICH EVENTUALLY BURST |
