| A | B |
|---|
| Absolutism | A system of governmetn in which a ruler holds total power. |
| How did Louis XIV maintain complete control as monarch? | By distracting the nobles and royal princes with court life, to keep them out of politics. |
| Baroque style of painting | Known for its use of dramatic effects to arouse teh emotions |
| Example of Elizabethan literature | William Shakespeare |
| Example of Gian Lorenzo Bernini's work | Saint peter's Basilica in Rome |
| John Locke | His ideas are found in the American Declaration of Independence & the US Constitution |
| Peter the Great | Wanted to westernize Russia; czar of Russia after Ivan IV & Michael Romanov; introduced Western customs & ways of doing things to Russia |
| Anti-Huguenot Policy | Destroyed protestant churches adn schools |
| El Greco | His work reflected the high point of Mannerism |
| Cardinal Mazarin | Louis XIV's chief minister |
| Cardinal Richelieu | Louis XIII's chief minister |
| Frederick William the Great Elector | Monarch of Prussia; 4th largest army in Europe consisting of 40,000 men |
| Ivan IV | The first Russian ruler to take the title of czar |
| Junkers | Served as officers in the army and were members of the Prussian aristocracy |
| Commissariat | Its purpose was to maintain the Army & power of Frederick |
| Versailles | Louis XIV's court location |
| Michael Romanov | Russian Czar who ended the "Time of Troubles" |
| Miguel de Cervantes | Wrote the novel Don Quixote |
| Louis XIV | Believed in the Divine Right of Kings; Fostered the myth of himself as the Sun king |
| Bill of Rights | Laid the foundation for a constitutional monarchy in England |
| Anarchy | Characteristic of the Time of Troubles |
| Thomas Hobbes | Believed humans were guided not by reason and moral ideals, but by a ruthless struggle for self-preservation |
| Ivan IV | Stabbed his own son to death |
| Saint Petersburg | Window to the West |
| Boyars | The Russian nobility |
| Identify natural rights that John Locke believe that all people were born with (i.e., Natural Rights) | Life, Liberty, Property |
| Identify the three charactersitics fo the state of nature according to Thomas Hobbes | Nasty, Brutal, Desolate, Short |
| Mannerism Movement | A movement that ended the artistic Renaissance in Italy |
| Style of Mannerism | used elongated figures to show suffering, emotion, & religious Harmony |
| El Greco | (the Greek) a great mannerist painter |
| Baroque Movement | Replaced mannerism; known for its use of dramatic effects to arouse emotions |
| Gian Lorenzo Bermini | Greatest Baroque artist |
| William Shakespeare | English playwright, actor, master of the English language, share hoder in tehater company; and example of Elizabethan literature; generally wrote plays for all classes (social groups) |
| Lope de Vega | Spanish playwright; wrote 1500 plays; wrote plays to please his audiences |
| Miguel de Cervantes | His novel Don Quixote - about a connection between visionary dreams & reality are necessary to the human condition |
| Thomas Hobbes | wrote Leviathan; state of nature: 1) life was poor, nasty, brutal & short 2) people joined together to make life easier 3) chose an absolute ruler to preserve social order; believed humans were guided not by reason & morals ideals, but by a ruthless struggle for self-preservation |
| John Locke | wrote Two Treatises of Gov't; beliefs: 1) against an absolute ruler 2) beleived people lived in a state of freedom & equality, not violence 3) people had natural rights - rights people are born with 4) to protect their rights people established a gov't to protect their rights |
| Significance of Locke's ideas | 1) His ideas were important in the American & French Revolution. 2) Ideas are found in the Declaration of Independence & the US Constitution |
| Jean Baptiste Colbert | Sought to increase the wealth and power of France by following the ideas of mercantilism |
| The art produced during the Mannerism movement reflected what? | The tension of relgious upheaval and teh spirituality of religious revival |
| Romanov dynasty | Ruled Russia for 300 years until 1917 |
| St. Petersburg was named after this leader | Peter the Great |
| A long and hard fought war with who enabled Peter to expand the land of the Russian empire | Sweden |
