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Chapter 3: Forces and Newton's Laws

AB
ForceA push or pull on an object
ForceCan cause an object to change motion.
Net ForceThe sum of all forces acting on an object.
Unbalanced forceNet force not equal to zero.
Unbalanced forceCause an object to change motion.
NewtonSI unit of force
Balanced forceAre equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
Balanced forceNet force equal to zero.
Balanced forceWill not cause a change in motion.
FrictionOpposes sliding motion of two surfaces.
WeildingSticking that occurs & are the source of friction.
Rolling FrictionPrevents slipping of wheels.
GravityAttractive force between any two objects that depend on the mass & distance of objects.
Universal Law of GravitationForce = gravitational constant times the product of the masses divided by the square of the distance between them.
FieldA region of space that has a physical quantity at every point.
WeightThe gravitational force exerted on an object.
Weight EquationForce of gravity = mass times the gravitational strength constant
Newton's First Law of MotionStates that an object moving at constant velocity keeps moving at that velocity unless an unbalanced force acts on it.
Newton's First Law of MotionLaw of Inertia
Newton's First Law of MotionAn object at rest will remain at rest & an object in motion will remain in motion unless an unbalanced force acts on it.
InertiaThe tendency of an object to resist any change in its motion.
Newton's Second Law of MotionDescribes how the force exerted on an object, its mass, and its acceleration are related.
Newton's Second Law of MotionLaw of Acceleration
Newtons Second Law of Motiona = Net Force / mass
Newton's Third Law of MotionWhen one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts a force on the first that is equal in strenghth & opposite in direction.
Newton's Third Law of MotionFor every action there is an equal but opposite reaction.
ForceAn interaction between two objects.
Free fallDescribes the fall on an object on which only the force of gravity is acting.
Acceleration due to gravity9.8 meters / second squared
Gravitational constant9.8 N/kg
Air resistanceFrictional like foce that opposes the motion of objects moving through the air.
Terminal VelocityThe highest speed a falling object will reach.
WeightlessnessA sensation that occurs when there is not force of support on your body.


HHS Science Instructor
Holton High School
Holton, KS

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