| A | B |
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| population density | There are 150 Saguaro cacti plants per square kilometer in a certain area of Arizona desert. To which population characteristic does this information refer? |
| the areas inhabited by population | What does the range of a population tell you that density does not? |
| The birthrate becomes higher than the death rate | What can cause a population to grow? |
| exponential growth | When individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate, it produces a growth pattern called... |
| decreased birthrate and emigration | Which are two ways a population can decrease in size? |
| reaches carrying capacity | As resources in a population become less available, population growth... |
| drought | Which of the following is not likely to be a limiting factor on the sea otter population? |
| fewer individuals | Which will reduce competition within a species' population? |
| death rate may rise | If a population grows larger than the carrying capacity of the environment, the... |
| a small, scattered population | Which would be least likely to be affected by density-dependent limiting factor? |
| food availability for the moose and disease of for the wolf | Which density-dependent factors, other than the predator/prey relationship, affected the population of moose and wolves on Isle Royale? |
| a low birthrate and low death rate | Demographic transition is change from high birthrates and high death rates to... |
| growing more rapidly | About 500 years ago, the world's population started... |
| will double in 30 years | In Rwanda, there are more young children than teenagers, and more teenagers than adults. This age structure indicates a population that... |
| exponentially | In countries like India, the human population is growing... |
| demography | Which of the following is NOT one of the factors that play a role in population growth rate? |
| kelp, sea urchins, & killer whales | Sea otters are important to the populations of... |
| immigration | The movement of organisms INTO a given area from another area is called... |
| increases | When the birthrate in a population becomes higher that the death rate, the population growth rate... |
| logistic growth rate | The various growth phases through which most populations go are represented by a... |
| limiting factor | Any factor in the environment that causes population growth to decrease is a ... |
| carrying capacity | Which of the following describes the largest number of individuals that an environment can support? |
| unusual weather | Each of the following is a density-dependent limiting factor EXCEPT... |
| earthquake | Which of the following is a density-independent factor? |
| the United States | Human population growth has slowed down in... |
| human populations | Demography is the scientific study of... |
| India | Which country has not yet completed the demographic transition? |
| 9 billion | The anticipated human population by the year 2050 may be about... |
| immigration | When an individual moves into a population from a different population it is called... |
| logistic growth | Zero population growth is a characteristic of.... |
| carrying capacity | Under what conditions of logistic growth, population size will rise and fall around an average point called a... |
| density-dependent limiting factors | Resource shortages triggered by increasing population size are... |
| social and ECONOMIC factors | Social and _______ factors explain why some countries have high growth rates while other countries grow slowly or not at all. |
| density | The number of individuals per unit area is a population's... |
| exponentially | Under ideal conditions with unlimited resources, a population will grow... |
| predator-prey relationship | One of the best known mechanisms of population control is the ... |
| age-structure diagram | A diagram that graphs the number of people of different age groups in the population is called a |
| - geographic distribution - growth rate - density - age structure | What are the four main characteristics of a population? |
| it is an upwards curve | Describe the graph of exponential growth. |
| A limiting factor causes population growth to decrease. - competition & predation | What is a limiting factor? Give two examples |
| density-dependent limiting factors that depends on the population size density-independent limiting factors affect all populations regardless of population size | Differentiate between density-dependent and density-independent limiting factors. |
| Four main characteristics of a population | Geographic distribution, density, growth rate, age structure |
| AREA inhabited by the population (area where people / animals live) | What is a population's geographic distribution? |
| Population density = # of individuals / unit area | What is the equation with which you can calculate population density? |
| Exponential growth | occurs when individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate, doesn't continue for very long |
| Logistic growth | occurs when a population's growth slows or stops following a period of exponential growth |
| Carrying capacity | largest number of individuals tha a given environment can support |
| What is a "limiting factor" of growth? | factor that causes population growth to decrease |
| Limiting factors are either ____________ or _____________ | density-dependent or density independent |
| densitiy-dependent factor | limiting factor that DEPENDS on the population density; usually biotic ex. predation, disease, competition |
| density-independent factor | limiting factors that affect the population size, regardless of the size(abiotic) |
| Four density-dependent factors | competition, predation, parasitism, disease |
| Examples of density independent factors | unusual weather, natural disaster, seasonal cycles, human activites, such as daming rivers, and cutting down forests |
| What is demography? | scientific study of human populations |
| demographic transition | hypothesis that explains why population growth has slowed in US, Japan and Europe |
| Age-structure diagrams | graph the numbers of male and females in different age groups |
| what kind of limiting factor depends on population size? | density dependent |
| what is a mechanism of population control in which a population is regulated by predation? | predator-prey relationship |
| What is the tendency of a population to shift from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates called? | demographic transition |
| what is the largest number of individuals a given environment can support called? | carrying capacity |
| what is the scientific study of human populations called? | demography |
| population density | Number of individuals per unit of area. |
| carrying capacity | Largest number of individuals of a population that a given environment can support. |
| density-dependent limiting factor | Limiting factor that depends on population size. |
| predator-prey relationship | Mechanism of population control in which a population is regulated by predation |
| density-independent limiting factor | Limiting factor that affects all populations in similar ways, regardless of population size. |
| logistic growth | Growth pattern in which a population's growth rate slows or stops following a period of exponential growth. |
| exponential growth | Growth pattern in which the individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate. |
| emigration | Movement of individuals out of a population. |
| Factor that causes the growth of a population to decrease. ex. competition, drought, predation, or disease | * What is a limiting factor? Give two or three examples. |
| demography | Scientific study of human populations. |
| demographic transition | Change in a population from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates. Birth rate and death rate are equal and population growth stops. |
| logistic growth chart | S-shaped curve |
| United States, Japan, and Europe | Hypothesized that these countries have reached demographic transition, growth rate has stopped. |
| China and India | Two of the 10 countries where birth rates are high, human population is growing exponentially. |
| 9 billion | Projected world population by 2050. |
| science, technology, and positive changes in society | * What are some of the factors believed to help control negative impacts of a large, worldwide human population size? |
| Better nutrition, sanitation, and medicine | Changes in countries that lower death rates and begin a demographic transition for the human population. |
| competition, predation, parasitism, & disease | density-dependent limiting factors |
| weather, natural disasters, & human activities | density-independent limiting factors |
