| A | B |
|---|
| homeostasis | biological balance |
| channel protein | protein with an open pore that allows particles to cross the cell membrane |
| concentration gradient | difference in concentration of solutes over a space |
| passive transport | due to the random kinetic energy of molecules |
| osmosis | special case of diffusion involving the diffusion of water |
| diffusion | movement of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration |
| hypertonic environment | high solute concentration; low water concentration |
| hypotonic environment | low solute concentration; high water concentration |
| isotonic environment | equal concentration of solute and water inside as outside the cell |
| dynamic equilibrum | no net movement of molecules |
| gated channel protein | channel protein with a flap that can close or open |
| carrier protein | a transport protein that can perform facilitated diffusion |
| active transport | movement up a concentration gradient; requires ATP |
| sodium potassium pump | move 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ in |
| endocytosis | movement of materials into a cell by the formation of a vacuole |
| phagocytosis | formation of a vacuole around a solid to move it into a cell |
| pinocytosis | formation of a vacuole to move a fluid into a cell |
| exocytosis | use of a vacuole to remove a material for a cell |
