| A | B |
| famine | serious shortage of food |
| Hundred Years' War | conflict between England and France that lasted from 1337 to 1453 |
| nations | unified states |
| Battle of Crecy | Major defeat of the French army in 1346 by the English using longbows |
| Battle of Agincourt | The English led by Henry V killed thousands of French soldiers in 1415 using longbows. |
| Jon of Arc | French peasant woman who claimed that God told her to lead the French army and drive out the English |
| bubonic plague | deadly infection that often caused terrible agony as its victim's bodies became covered in buboes or swellings |
| Black Death | name given to the epidemic of bubonic plague that struck Europe in the 1300's |
| scapegoats | people who are blamed for a problem that they did not cause |
| Strasbourg | European city that ordered it Jewish population to convert to Christianity or be burned to death |
| Peasants' Revolt | 1381 peasants in Europe began killing lords and burning manors in protest of wage freezes and lack of freedom |