| A | B |
|---|
| atom | simplest particle of an element with characteristics of the element |
| atomic number | tells you the number of protons in an atom |
| chemical reaction | process of breaking and reforming bonds, forms new substances |
| compound | two or more elements bonded together |
| covalent bond | bond that forms when atoms share pairs of electrons |
| electron | negatively charged particle in an atom |
| ion | atom or compound with a net electrical charge |
| ionic bond | bond where electrons are transferred between atoms |
| neutron | neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom |
| proton | positively charged particle in an atom |
| activation energy | amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction |
| catalyst | substance that speeds up a chemical reaction by reducing the activation energy |
| endergonic reaction | reaction that involves a net absorption of free energy |
| enzyme | biological catalyst |
| exergonic reaction | reaction that involves a net release of free energy |
| free energy | energy available to do work |
| oxidation | reaction that involves a loss of electrons |
| redox reaction | reaction where electrons are transferred between atoms |
| acid | solution with a greater concentration of hydronium ions than hydroxide |
| aqueous solution | solution where water is the solvent |
| base | solution with a greater concentration of hydroxide ions than hydronium |
| buffer | chemical that neutralizes small amounts of acid or base to help maintain stable pH |
| dissociation | separating of a substance into separate ions |
| solute | substance that is dissolved in a solution |
| solution | mixture where one or more substances are uniformly dissolved in another substance |
| solvent | substance that does the dissolving in a solution |
| element | substance that cannot be broken down into simpler kinds of matter by ordinary chemical means |
