| A | B |
|---|
| geology | the study of the earth's physical structure and history |
| core | center of the earth |
| mantle | a thick layer of rock |
| crust | a rocky surface layer |
| continents | large landmasses in the oceans |
| relief | the difference in elevation btwn the highest and lowest points |
| % of water on earth | more than 70 % |
| 4 major land forms | inner core, outer core, mantle, and crust |
| volcano | mountains formed by molten rock |
| isthmus | a narrow strip of land having water on each side and joining two larger bodies of land |
| peninsula | a strip of land that juts out into an ocean |
| magma | molten rock |
| lava | magma or molten rock from the earth's mantle, that breaks through the surface of the earth during volcanic activity |
| fold | a bend or buckle in the earth's crust |
| faults | a fracture or break in the earth's crust |
| plate tectonics | the theory that the earth's outer shell is composed of a number of large, unanchored plates, or slabs of rock, whose constant movement explains earthquakes and volcanic activity |
| pangea | theory that in the beginning of the world we were one big super continent |
| continental drift theory | the idea that continents slowly shift thier positions due to movement of the tectonic plates on which they ride |
| rift valley | a large split along the crest of an underwater mountain system where small earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions frequently occur |
| ring of fire | a ring of volcanic mountains surrounding the rim of th pacific ocean |
