| A | B |
|---|
| simple cells that do not have a nucleus; this type of cell is found in bacteria | Prokaryotic cells |
| cells that have a true nucleus and make up all other organisms other than bacteria | Eukaryotic cells |
| used to produce and transport materials within a cell | endoplasmic reticulum |
| part of the cell that contains genetic information | nucleus |
| builds proteins by forming peptide bonds between amino acids | ribosomes |
| membranes that package and distribute proteins and lipids | Golgi apparatus |
| uses energy from food molecules to produce high-energy compounds (ATP); site of cellular respiration | mitochondria |
| Found only in plant cells; site of photosynthesis | chloroplasts |
| Dense structure inside the nucleus that is responsible for producing ribosomes | nucleolus |
| vesicles that store digestive enzymes and help rid the cell of worn-out organelles | lysosomes |
| vesicles that are used for storing water, salts, wastes, etc. | vacuoles |
| Cylindrical organelles that aid in cell division; only found in animal cells | centrioles |
| cellulose structure that surrounds plant cells and gives them support and protection | cell wall |
| The membrane that surrounds the contents of a cell and allows only certain things into and out of the cell | Cell membrane |
| Processes such as endocytosis and exocytosis that require some of the cell's energy to move from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration | Active transport |
| Processes such as osmosis and diffusion that do not require energy from the cell | Passive transport |
| The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration | Diffusion |
| The diffusion of molecules across a membrane through special proteins in the membrane | Facilitated diffusion |
| Proteins present in the cell membrane that allow different types of substances to pass through the membrane | Transport proteins |
| The movement of water across a membrane | Osmosis |
| Having a higher solute concentration outside the cell and causing the cell to shrink | Hypertonic |
| Having a higher solute concentration inside the cell and causing the cell to swell | Hypotonic |
| Having equal solute concentrations inside and outside the cell | Isotonic |
| Process used by a cell to take in a large particle | Endocytosis |
| Process used by a cell to release materials out of the cell | Exocytosis |
| a tiny particle that contains RNA or DNA and can infect or kill living cells; generally not considered a living organism | Virus |
| attracted to water or able to be dissolved in water | Hydrophilic |
| repelled by water or not able to be dissolved in water | Hydrophobic |
