| A | B |
|---|
| Thomas More | English author, statesman, and Roman Catholic |
| Desiderius Erasmus | Dutch theologian and one of the great |
| Francois Rabelais | French Renaissance humanist and satirist. A |
| Jan Van Eyck | Flemish painter. One of the earliest artists to use oil based paints, he showed a great love for detail. He showed attention to human personality. |
| Jerome (Hieronymus) Bosch | Flemish painter. He used religious themes and gothic images along with colorful images. He reflects confusion associated with his time period (Middle Ages). |
| King Charles VII of France | He reconciled the Burgundians and Armagnacs in their civil war. He gave influence to middle class men and strengthened royal finances. |
| gabelle and taille | Tax on salt and tax on land. |
| Gallican liberties | The Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges established these liberties because they believed in the rights of the French crown over the French church. |
| King Louis XI of France | Called "spider king." He promoted new industry, welcomed foreign craftsman and committed himself into commercial treaties. He used the money he gained through this and heavy taxes to improve the army. He also favored expanding the royal authority and unifying the kingdom. He also invaded Burgundy. |
| Wars of the Roses | Series of dynastic civil wars in England fought by the rival houses of Lancaster and York between 1455 and 1485 |
| Lancaster and York | The opposing houses in England whose claims to throne resulted in the Wars of the Roses. |
| King Henry VII | English king (1485-1509), founder of |
| Tudor Dynasty | The family was of Welsh |
