| A | B |
|---|
| civilization | a way of living |
| How did cuneiform writing develop? | people began making marks for actions it then developed more when characters came to be used for sounds. People could then write any word they could say |
| Hammurabi's Laws | King Hammaurabi of Babylon ordered that laws be carved on stone pillars so that all might know the laws of the city |
| What did Hammurabi's laws require? | people be responsible for their actions |
| "An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth" | old rule that applied only if the injured person was of noble class. A lower class person was given a payment of silver |
| mummy | a body treated for burial with preservatives ans wrapped in airtight cloth bandages to keep it from decaying |
| Nile River | the world's longest river |
| silt | fine particles of soil carried in water |
| What was farming like in Egypt? | they took advantage of the yearly floods to grow crops in the desert. Egyptians irrigated the land not reached by the flood waters. they grew melons, cucumbers, onions and other vegetables |
| pharaohs | kings |
| What services did the government of the pharaohs provide to the Egyptians? | the pharaohs provided a government whose officials settled disputes and enforced laws. The pahroahs told the people when t o expect the summer floods and they saw to the storing of the surplus grain |
| pyramids | tombs of the pharaohs |
| hieroglyphics | ancient Egyptian writing that were pictographs, but later also stood for sounds |
| Sphere | A round ball that is the shape of the earth |
| Ptolemy | Wrote one of the first geography books and thought the earth was smaller than it was |
| Prime Meridian | Imaginary line that runs through Greenwich, England that is numbered 0 degrees longitude |
| International Date Line | 180 degree meridian,the point at which each day begins |
| Parallels | Imaginary lines that runs east to west around the globe |
| Meridians | Imaginary lines that run north and south |
| Longitude lines | Meridians |
| Latitude lines | Parallels |
| Equator(another way to define) | Imaginary line of latitude divides the Earth into northern and southern hemispheres |
| Prime Meridian(another way to define) | Imaginary line of longitude divides the Earth into eastern and western hemispheres |
| five themes of geography | location, place, region, movement, and human-environment interaction |
| cartographer | map maker |
| natural resources | gifts of nature;forests, fertile soil, water |
| interdependence | the economic, political, and social dependence of culture regions, on one another |
| citizen | legal member of a country |
| sphere | A round ball--the shape of the earth |
| hemisphere | half of the earth's sphere the Northern and Southern hemispheres |
| grid | a network of intersecting lines used to locate places |
| population density | shows where the largest number of people live in the world |
| geograpy | The study of people places and the environment |
| adaptation | Humans have often adapted their way of life to the natural resources that their local environment provides |
| Push/Pull factors for moving | Problems in one place push people out. Advantages in another place pull people in. |
| Aristotle | Philosopher who thought the earth was shaped like a sphere because of other bodies in space. We first see a ship's mast because the curve of the earth's surface hides the lower parts of the ship from view, until it comes closer |
| Ptolemy | wrote one of the first geography books and thought the earth was smaller than it was |
| Nautical map | help navigate sea and ocean routes--sailors and pilots use |
| culture region | an area of the world in which many people share similar beliefs, history, and languages |
| migration | movement from one area in order to settle in another |
| map projection | one of the different ways of showing Earth's curved surface on a flat map |
| geography | the study of people, places, and the environment |
| polytheism | belief in more than one god |
| Rosetta Stone | Found in 1799--A piece of black stone that provided the key to the language puzzle in the Egyptian civilization |
