| A | B |
|---|
| appeal | to ask a higher court to review a case that was decided on in a lower court |
| appellate jurisdiction | the authority to hear an appeal of a case from a lower court |
| bail | money put up by a person arrested for a crime as a guarantee that, if released, he/she will show up for the trial |
| arraignment | the step in a criminal case where the accused hears a formal reading of the charges and enters a plea |
| compensation | something (often money) given to someone to make up for harm done to them |
| criminal case | a case in which the government (the plaintiff) accuses the individual (defendant) of breaking the law |
| defendant | person accused of a crime or being sued |
| plaintiff | in a civil case, the person or group bringing the lawsuit; in a criminal case it is always the government |
| probable cause | level of evidence needed to make an arrest or get a search warrant |
| misdemeanor | less serious crime |
| felony | serious crime |
| justice | a judge on the U.S. or VA Supreme Court |
| judicial review | Supreme Court power to decide if a law or executive act is unconstitutional |
| Marbury v. Madison | Supreme Court case that established judicial review on the federal level |
| Fifth Amendment | says the national government may not deny any citizen due process of law |
| Fourteenth Amendment | says state and local governments may not deny any citizen due process of law |
