| A | B |
|---|
| Caput Succadaneum | Swelling or edema occurring in or under the fetal scalp |
| Moro reflex | Flexion of newborn's thighs and knees accompanied by fingers that fan and arms which form a c-curve |
| IUGR | Fetal undergrowth due to infection, malnutrition, congenital malformation |
| Lanugo | Fine downy hair found on all body parts of the fetus except palms and soles |
| Tetralogy of Fallot | Composed of VSD, pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy |
| Teleangiectatic nevi | Small clusters of flat red-pink spots on the nape of the neck and around eyes |
| Epstein's pearls | Small, white blebs found along the gum margins and at the junction of the hard and soft palates |
| Neonate | First 30 days of life |
| Tonic neck reflex | When head is turned to one side, arm and leg on that side extend, extremities on opposite side flex |
| Apgar score | Scoring system to evaluate newborn transition to extrauterine life |
| SGA | Inadequate weight or growth for gestational age |
| Evaporation | Heat loss incurred when water on the skin surface is converted to vapor |
| Palmar reflex | Elicited by stimulating the palm with a finger or object |
| Conduction | Loss of heat to a cooler surface by direct skin contact |
| LGA | Excessive growth of the fetus in relation to gestational age |
| Ductus arteriosus | Closes due to increased oxygenation, decreased prostaglandins, and regurgitation of blood flow |
| Foramen ovale | Special opening between the atria which closes when lungs become inflated |
| Positive Babinski Reflex | The great toe dorsiflexes and toes fan |
| Convection | Loss of heat from a warm body surface to a cooler air current |
| VSD | Opening between the ventricles causing a Right to Left shunt |
| Peeling | Shedding of epithelial cells of the epidermis |
| Cephalohematoma | Subcutaneous swelling containing blood found on the head of an infant which disappears in weeks to months |
| Ballard tool | Device used to measure gestational age |
| Erb-Duchenne palsy | Paralysis of the arm and chest wall as a result of a birth injury to the brachial plexus |
| Acrocyanosis | Cyanosis of hands and feet |
| Ortolani's maneuver | A manual procedure performed to rule out hip dysplasia |
| Coarctation of the aorta | Causes difference in blood pressure between upper and lower extremities |
| Scarf Sign | Position of the elbow when the hand of the supine infant is drawn over the other shoulder until it meets resistance |
| Circumcision | Surgical removal of the foreskin |
| Physiologic jaundice | A harmless condition caused by increased RBC's and immaturity of the liver |
| Brown Adipose Tissue | Fat deposits in neonates that provide greater heat-generating activity than ordinary fat |
| Circumoral cyanosis | Bluish appearance around the mouth |
| Vernix caseosa | A protective cheese-like whitish substance |
| Phenylketonuria | A common metabolic disease caused by inability to metabolize phenylalanine |
| Gestational age | Number of weeks of fetal development |
| Cold stress | Excessive heat loss resulting in increased respirations and non-shivering thermogenesis in order to maintain core body temperature |
| Physiologic anemia of infancy | A harmless drop in hemoglobin around 4-6 months of age |
| Mottling | Discoloration of the skin due to poor perfusion |
| Harlequin sign | Color change that occurs between the longitudinal halves of the newborn's body |
| Periods of reactivity | Predictable patterns of newborn behavior during the first hours after birth |
| Colostrum | Secretions from the breast which contain IgA antibodies and provides a laxative effect |
| Transposition of the Great Arteries | Cyanotic defect easily detected at birth |
| Nevus flammeus | Large port-wine stain |
| Mongolian spots | Dark, flat pigmentation of the lower back and buttocks |
| Bradycardia | Heart rate less than 110 |
| Hypoglycemia | Glucose less than 40 mg/dl |
| Subconjunctival hemorrhages | Hemorrhage on the sclera of a newborn |
| Periodic breathing | Sporadic episodes of apnea, not associated with cyanosis, that last up to 15 seconds |
| Erythema neonatorum toxicum | Innocuous pink macular rash of unknown origin with superimposed vesicles |
| Meconium | Dark green or black material present in the large intestine |
| Thermal Neutral Zone | Environmental temperature that provides for minimal heat loss |
| Milia | Tiny white papules appearing on the face of the neonate |
| Molding | Shaping of the fetal head by overlapping of the cranial bones |
| Kernicterus | An encephalopathy caused by deposition of unconjugated biliubin in brain cells |
