| A | B |
|---|
| geology | the studt of the earths physical structure and history |
| crust | the rocky surface layer. crust below oceans are only 5 miles thick. crust beneath continenets are abuot 22 miles thick |
| % of water on earth | more than 70% of the earths surface |
| island | a peice of land in a body of water |
| isthmus | a narrow strip of land having water on each side and joining two larger bodies of land |
| lake | a bodie of water completly surrounded by land |
| magma | molten rock inside of the earth |
| faults | breaks in the earths crust |
| continental drift theory | 18 million years ago, Pangea began to break up into seperate continents(1900s, german explorer named alfred wegener |
| convection | the circular movement that happes when heated materials heat up |
| converging(2 types) | the same type of plates crash into each other |
| core | center of the earth,consists of very hot metal,hot iron withsome nickel. inner coreis dense and solid.outeris molten |
| continents | large landmasses in the oceans |
| 4 major types of landforms | mountain, rivers, lakes, volcanoes |
| archipelago | like an island chain |
| penninsula | a peice of land surrounded by water on two sides |
| gulf | a body of water |
| butte | a piece of land that is raised up and flat on the top, but higher than a mesa |
| lava | molten ronk above the earths crust |
| plate techtonics | the earths outer shell is not one solid peice of rock |
| sea floor spreading | when plates pull away from each other |
| spreading | when plates pull away from each other |
| faulting | when plates slide or grind past each other |
| mantle | between the outer core and the crust. molten magma |
| relief | elevation of the crust |
| strait | a narrow strip of water not completly surrounded by land |
| volcano | cone shaped,molten rockinside the earth break the earths crust |
| sound | a body of water |
| canyon | high ridges that have two sides |
| volcanism | a thing where volcannoes erupt |
| fold | a bend or buckle in the earths crust |
| pangea | super continent that seperated into seven continents |
| fift valley | a large splitalong the crest of an underwatermountain sysem |
| subduction | when magma heats up rises then colles down and falls |
| ring of fire | a seiries of volcanoes that is a ringsurrounding the rim of the pacific ocean |
