| A | B |
|---|
| Susan B. Anthony | proponent of women's suffrage |
| Mary Baker Eddy | founded Christian Science religion |
| Progressive Education | wanted to expand school programs |
| Chief Joseph | leader of the Nez Perce captured leading his people to Canada |
| J.P. Morgan | powerful banker who brought order to rail industry |
| Terence Powderly | leader of Knights of Labor who promoted political reforms |
| Nat Love | most famous black cowboy |
| Elizabeth Cady Stanton | women's rights activist |
| American cowboys | started because of the growth of ranching in the west |
| government's Indian policy | focused on more territory for white settlement |
| gauges | distance between rails |
| mass production | leads to reduced cost of goods |
| xenophobia | hatred or fear of foreigners |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | suspended Chinese immigration |
| southern and eastern Europe | where most late 1800s immigrants were from |
| booms and busts | alternating growth and decline of the economy in the post-Civil War era |
| Sherman Antitrust Act | made trusts and combinations illegal |
| American Federation of Labor | loose federation of craft unions |
| Chisholm Trail | route cowboys followed from Texas to Kanas |
| Dawes Act | law that ended tribal ownership of land |
| Homestead | Pennsylvania city with steelworker's strike |
| Knights of Labor | labor union that was first to include skilled and unskilled workers |
| Little Bighorn | where the Sioux defeated Custer |
| Pendleton Act | legislation to reform the civil service |
| reservation | land to which Indians were restricted |
| Social Darwinism | theory that "survivial of fittest" enriched society as a whole |
| Credit Mobilier | scandal involving the Vice President stealing money intended for railroad construction |
| mass transportation | allowed cities to expand |
| dumbbell tenement | small, dark, cramped housing for urban poor |
| Wyoming | first state to give women the vote |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | established doctrine of separate but equal |
| Booker T. Washington | prominent African American who said blacks should strive for self-improvement rather than equality |
| Ellis Island | where most European immigrants entered the U.S. in the late 1800s |
| Promontory Point, Utah | where the transcontinental railroad was completed |
| Thomas Edison | most successful and well-known inventor of late 1800s |
