| A | B |
|---|
| geology | study of the earth's physical structure and history |
| crust | thin rocky surface of the earth |
| % of water on earth | 70% |
| core | center of the earth |
| mantle | thick layer of rock with pockets of magma |
| continents | large landmasess in the ocean |
| relief | the difference in elavation between the highest and lowest points |
| 4 major types of landforms | mountains, hills, plateaus, and plains |
| strait | a landform |
| island | another type of landform |
| archipelago | landform |
| volcano | formed when magma breaks thorugh the earth's crust |
| isthmus | narrow strip of land with water on each side joining two larger bodies of land |
| peninsula | strip of land that juts into the ocean |
| sound | - |
| delta | - |
| gulf | - |
| canyon | - |
| lake | - |
| butte | - |
| volcanism | movement of magma, molten rock inside the earth |
| magma | molton rock in the earth |
| lava | molton rock |
| fold | when rock layers bend or buckle |
| faults | breaks in the earths crust |
| plate tectonics | a theory that says the earths outer shell is not a solid peice of rock |
| pangea | a single "supercontinent" |
| continental drift theory | a theory that there was once a single "supercontinent" |
| sea floor spreading | a theory that molten rock from the mantle rises in the underwater ridge and breaks through a split at the top of the ridge |
| rift valley | a large split along the crest of an underwater mountain system where small earthquakes and volcanic eruptions frequently occur |
| convection | - |
| spreading | - |
| subduction | - |
| converging | - |
| faulting | when there is a break in in the earth's crust. movement could go sideways, up, or down |
| ring of fire | circle of volcanoes surrounding the pacific ocean |
