| A | B |
|---|
| cellulose | Organic compound made of long chains of glucose molecules; forms the rigid cell walls of plants. |
| cuticle | Waxy, protective layer covering the stems, leaves, and flowers of some land plants; is secreted by the plant's cell walls and slows the evaporation of water. |
| vascular plant | Plant with tissue that forms a "pipeline" that moves water, food, and dissolved substances to cells throughout the plant. |
| nonvascular plant | Plant that absorbs water and other dssolved substances directly through its cell walls. |
| rhizoid | Threadlike roots that are only a few cells in length and that anchor liverworts and mosses in place. |
| pioneer species | First plants to grow in new or disturbed environments and that change environmental conditions so that other plant species can grow there. |
| xylem | Vascular plant tissue made up of tubular vessels that transport water and dissolved substances up from the roots throughout the plant. |
| phloem | Vascular plant tissue made up of tubular cells that transport food from where it is made to other parts of the plant where it is used or stored. |
| cambium | Vascular plant tissue that produces new xylem and phloem cells. |
| stomata | Small pores in the leaf surfaces surrounded by guard cells; allow carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water to enter and leave a leaf. |
| guard cell | In a plant leaf, the cells that surround the stomata and that open and close them. |
| gymnosperm | Vascular plants that produce seeds on the surface of the female reproductive structures, do not have flowers, and generally have needlelike or scalelike leaves. |
| angiosperm | Vascular plants that flower, have their seeds contained in a fruit, and are the most common form of plant life on Earth. |
| monocot | Class of angiosperm that has one seed leaf inside its seeds, vascular tissues arranged as bundles scattered throughout the stem, and flower parts in multiples of three. |
| dicot | Class of angiosperm that has two seed leaves inside its seeds, vascular bundles that occur inrings, and flower parts in multiples of four or five. |
