| A | B |
|---|
| fishing | New England eco. actvity due to lack of good farmland and many harbors near fish |
| subsistence farming | growing just enough food for family; mainly in New England |
| Triangular Trade | route of goods flowing to and from England, W. Indies, and Africa most coming into and from New England |
| forests | provided lumber for shipbuilding and other products in New England |
| dame schools | private schools in New England |
| Massachusetts School Law | ea. township w/ 50 or more households must hire a teacher to teach students; law |
| meetinghouse | usually the church in the New England colonies; where community issues and problems were dealt with (where meetings took place) |
| Sabbath | Puritan law forbid work on this holy day |
| cash crops | crops sold for profit |
| Breadbasket | Middle Colonies referred to as this because of grain they produced |
| frontier | thinly settled area on the outer limits of the colonies |
| apprentice | trainee to master craft worker |
| patroon | large land owner who rented land to farmers |
| Conestoga wagon | used by the Middle Colonies to get crops to market by road |
| urban life | city living; important in Middle Colonies |
| rural life | mostly farms w/few towns; typical in South |
| small craft industry | ex: spinning tread, knitting wool, glass blowing for profit:mainly in Middle Colonies |
| plantations | large farms growing crops for cash; w/slave labor |
| tobacco, rice, indigo | cash crops of S. plantations |
| Africans | imported to colonies for slave labor |
| slave codes | laws that denied slaves most of their rights |
| joint-stock companies | sold shares of colonies to investors to finance colonies in America |
| charter | document giving permission to settle and trade in America |
| House of Burgesses | lawmaking body in Virgina, elected by the people |
| royal colony | colony under control of the king |
| commonwealth | self-governing political unit |
| Fundamental Orders of Connecticut | written plan of gov. for Connecticut: first constitution in the colonies |
| constitution | written form of government |
| Toleration Act | issued by Lord Baltimore in Maryland; law guaranteeing right to practice their religion |
| Glorious Revolution | peaceful change in Eng. crown giving rights to colonists and limits on monarch |
| Navigation Acts | passed by England to profit from colonies |
| bill of rights | lists rights of citizens and limits power of government |
| legislature | lawmaking body |
| merchantilism | selling more goods than what is bought to make profit |
| New York City | port city in New York colony |
| Philadelphia | major city in Pennsylvania |
| Baltimore | major port city in Maryland |
| Charlestown | major city in S. Carolina |
| Savannah | major city in Georgia |
| Jamestown | first permanent settlement in America (Virginia) |
| Providence | major city in Rhode Island |
| Plymouth | colony estab. by Pilgrims in Mass. |
| Boston | major port city in Mass. The center of trade for colonies |
| Salem | city in Massachusetts |
| New Haven | major city in Connecticut |
| Massachusetts | New England colony:John Carver;religious freedom |
| New Hampshire | New England colony:John Mason;profit trade-fish |
| Connecticut | New England colony:Thomas Hooker;religious freedom/profit |
| Rhode Island | New England colony:Roger Williams;religious freedom |
| New York | Middle colony:Dutch settlers;trade |
| Delaware | Middle colony:Swedish;trade |
| New Jersey | Middle colony:John Berkeley;profit |
| Pennsylvania | Middle colony:Wm. Penn (Quakers);religious freedom |
| Virginia | Southern colony:John Smith;trade |
| Maryland | Southern colony:George Calvert;profit-religious freedom |
| N. Carolina | Southern colony:aristocrats;profit-trade/land |
| S. Carolina | Southern colony:aristocrats;profit trade/land |
| Georgia | James Olglethorpe;religious freedom/place for debtors |
| Puritans | Sought religious freedom; wanted to purify church |
| Adult free white males | those allowed to vote in early America |
| tobacco | introduced by John Rolfe to Va./first cash crop |
| town meetings | where community decisions were made/1st form of democracy in colonies |
| Middle Passage | route from Africa bringing slaves to America |
| Massachusetts School Law 1647 | estab. 1st public school system in America |
| William Penn | Quaker who founded Pennsylvania |
| Roger Williams | banished from MA, founded Rhode Island |
| John Smith | leader of Jamestown, Va. |
| John Peter Zenger | won first court case involving freedom of press |
| Squanto | Indian who taught Pilgrims how to survive |
| legislature | lawmaking body |
| Mayflower Compact | agreement by Pilgrims on how to run Plymouth |
| Nathaniel Bacon | Led a raid vs. Nat. Amer;upset w/governor for not protecting frontier |
| New England Colonies | poor farming/rocky soil-relied on fishing,shipbldg,trade |
| Middle Colonies | farming grains "Breadbasket" |
| Southern Colonies | plantations and cash crops:tobacco,rice,indigo |
| religion in colonies | important in colonies: Puritans strict; laws, etc. |
| England & colonial rights | Eng. wanted profit and control in America-Nav.Acts,tax,laws, |
| protest/rebellion/court cases | Zenger,Bacon:stand up to authority to preserve rights |
