| A | B |
|---|
| Satrap | Persian Provincial Governor |
| Acropolis | A rocky hill found in the centre of most Greek polis. |
| Archon | An Athenian magistrate or official. |
| Cleruchy | An Athenian colony, set up for a specific military/economic purpose, during the era of the Delian League/Athenian Empire. |
| Trireme | The warship used effectively by the Athenians at Salamis. |
| Thalassocracy | An empire based on control of the sea, such as the Athenian Empire. |
| Strategos | An Athenian general |
| Medism | Term applied to Greek polis which submitted, without a fight, to the Persians. |
| Hoplite | An Athenian armed soldier. |
| Helot | Spartan slaves |
| Hegemony | Political dominance by one polis of a region; Athens had this over the members of the Delian League. |
| Gerousia | Spartan Council of Elders |
| Ecclesia | The assembly of all Athenian citizens. |
| Ephor | A Spartan magistrate |
| Demos | Greek word meaning 'the people'. |
| Hellenotamiae | Athenian officials who looked after the finances of the Delian League. |
| Pentecontaetia | The years between the end of the wars with Persia and the outbreak of the Peloponnesian War. |
| Synodoi | Meetings of officials of the Delian League. |
| Ephebe | A young Athenian male of military age; he took an oath of loyalty to Athens (Ephebic Oath). |
| Metics | Foreigners living permanently in Athens; they were not granted citizenship although they paid taxes and performed military service. |
| Scythian Archers | Slaves owned by the city of Athens; they acted as a 'police force'. |
| Areopagus | A privileged political body of Athenian Aristocrats; it lost all functionss (save that of being a homicide court) with the 462 BCE reforms of Ephialtes. |
| Alcmaeonid | A powerful Athenian clan of which Pericles was a member. |
| Pnyx | Meeting place of the Assembly (Ecclesia); on the slope of the Acropolis. |
| Graphe Paranomon | The right of an Athenian citizen to challange a law as 'unconstitutional'. |
| Boule | Council of 500 which met every day (except religious holidays); members chosen by lot from the 10 tribes, which each group of 50 meeting for approximately 36 days at a time. |
| Tholos | A public building in Athens where the 50 presiding members of the Boule were housed, at public expense, during their 36 days governing Athens. |
| Agoranomoi | Athenian officals who looked after the Agora (central market place). |
| Metronomoi | Athenian officials who inspected weights and measures. |
| Sitophylakes | Athenian officials who guarded the corn supplies. |
| Liturgies | Public services required of wealthy Athenians; a form of taxation whereby the rich took financial responsibity for aspects of Athenian life. |
| Chorogoi | Wealthy Athenians who took responsibility for production of plays during festivals. |
| Trierarchoi | Wealthy Athenians who took responsibility for equipping ships for the Athenian Navy. |
| Dicasteries | Athenian law courts or jury panels. |
| Heliaea | 6000 Athenian citizens, chosen yearly, from whom 501 would be chosen as jurors when a court case needed to be heard. |
| Demagogue | Athenian word for 'leader of the people'; today it means a leader who manipulates the masses for his own purpose. |
| Stadium | Athenian meeting place for sporting events |
| Lyceum | Meeting place beyond walls of Athens where the famous philosopher, Aristotle, set up his school of philosophy. |
| Gymnasia | Open parks for recreation, just outside the defensive walls of Athens |
| Odeon | Concert Hall and meeting place for philosophical discussions; built on the orders of Pericles. |
