| A | B |
|---|
| The Internet | A tangible physical system made to move information |
| ISP (Internet Service Provider) | The local company that allows you to connect to the internet. Can be a phone, cable, cellular phone, or satellite company |
| 3 ways to send bits of data over the internet | Electricity Light Radio waves |
| Bandwidth | The maximum transmission capacity for a device measured by bitrate |
| Bitrate | The number of bits per second a system can transmit |
| Latency | Time it takes for a bit to travel from sender to a receiver (aka travel time) |
| Using electricity to transmit bits | Copper wires through phone, DSL, or cable lines. Loses some bits along the way since wires fray or wear out but cheap to use. |
| Using light to transmit bits | Fiber optic cable uses glass threads used to transmit light signals. Expensive but extremely reliable |
| Using radio waves to transmit bits | To send bits wirelessly from one place to another. Loses bits beyond immediate area and fairly cheap to use. Still relies on connecting to a wired network |
| Packet | Small bundle of information that you are requesting or sending on the internet |
| Router or Wireless Router | Sorts the packets into the right direction (sort of precise) to the correct part of the internal network you are on (in the building or in your home) |
| Router Switch | Sorts the packets into the right direction (very precise); including sites outside of the network |
| Proxy | The Middleman 1st security stop to make sure you are not trying to get to inappropriate sites (only used on some networks including schools and corporations; not usually on home networks) |
| Firewall on Exit | 2nd security stop; checks for specific type of information you are sharing as you leave the network (not done at school but sometimes done on corporate networks to stop illegal information from being shared) |
| Firewall on Entrance | Checking packets to make sure they are coming in on the correct ports; also checking for suspicious items within the packet (viruses, spyware…) like a customs agent or security stop at the airport |
| Web Server or Destination Server | the final destination of packet where it is unpacked and loaded to web browser |
| Ping of Death | Issues with packets not being received or loss of packets along the way due to lack of bandwidth, collisions with other packets, viruses, or other reasons |
| LAN | Local Area Network; the network in a building |
| WAN | Wide Area Network: connected LANs across several buildings or an larger geographic area |
| Fiber Optic Cables | Glass threads used to send data by light |
| IP Address | A number that works as the address for an internet device |
| DNS | Domain Name System; Works as the post office for internet addresses including IP Addresses, email addresses, web site addresses |
| TCP | Transmission Control Protocol; Similar to a checklist or daily agenda;It makes sure that all packets sent arrive to the location and if not, it requests a duplicate from the sender |
