| A | B |
|---|
| Geology | The study of earth's physical strucutre and history |
| Crust | The solid rocky surface of the Earth |
| Percentage of water on the Earth | over 70% |
| island | a body of land that is completely surrounded by water |
| isthmus | a narrow strip of land that joins 2 bodies of land togehter |
| delta | fan shaped deposits of silt at the mouth of a river |
| lake | a small body of water surrounded by land |
| magma | melted rock before it has reached the surface of the earth |
| faults | a fracture in the earth's crust |
| continental drift theory | the idea that continents slowly shift their positions because of the tectonic plates that they ride on |
| convection | when air from the inside of the air rises and falls as it cools causing the plates to move |
| converging (slide) | when one plate slides under another plate |
| converging (collide) | when two plates push upward to create mountains |
| core | the earths center made of solid rock in the inner core and liquid on the outer core |
| continents | any of the 7 landmasses of the earth's surface |
| 4 major types of landforms | mountains, ocean, continent and sea |
| archipelago | a group of islands |
| peninsula | a strip of land that juts out into an ocean |
| gulf | a large body of water almost surrounded by water |
| butte | an isolated mountain that has a flat top |
| lava | molten rock on the surface |
| plat tectonics | the theory that the earth's outer shell is composed of a number of large, un anchored pates whsoe constant movement explains earthquakes and volcanic activity |
| sea floor spreading | when plates under the ocean move outward as magma rises in the gap creating more earth |
| spreading | when tewo plates move apart and molten lava rises to the top to create archipilegos |
| faulting | when 2 plates shift and grind creating earthquakes |
| mantle | a thick layer of mostly solid earth beaneath the crust that surround the core |
| relief | the difference in elevation of landforms in an area |
| strait | a channel of water that connects 2 large bodies of water together |
| volcano | a coneshaped maountain that will or did release lava onto the earth's surface |
| sound | a channel of water that connects 2 bodies of waterr together |
| canyon | a large chasm on the earth's surface |
| volcanism | the study of volcanoes |
| fold | a bend or buckle in the eartth's crust |
| pangea | the theory tthat the earth was once a supercontinent made of only one piece of land |
| rift valley | a large split along the crest of an underwater mountain system where small earthquakes and volcanoes erupt frequently |
| subduction | when a oceanic plate slides under a continental plate |
| ring of fire | a ring of volcanic moutnains surrounding the rim of th pacific ocean |
