| A | B |
|---|
| Atrium/Atria | Upper chambers of the heart |
| Ventricles | Lower chambers of the heart |
| Tricuspid valve | Between right atrium and right ventricle |
| Bicuspid (mitral) valve | Between left atrium and left ventricle |
| Pulmonary semilunar valve | Between right ventricle and pulmonary artery |
| Aortic semilunar valve | Between left ventricle and aorta |
| Pericardium | outer layer of the heart |
| Myocardium | muscular layer of the heart |
| Endocardium | inner layer of the heart-lines the chambers and valves |
| Vena Cava | Largest vein - carries de-oxygenated blood into right side of heart |
| Pulmonary artery | Carries de-oxygenated blood to lungs to pick up oxygen and release carbon dioxide |
| Pulmonary vein | Carries oxygenated blood back to left side of the heart |
| Carotid | Supplies oxygen to the head |
| Brachial | Artery used to measure blood pressure |
| Arteriole | smallest artery/carries oxygenated blood into c apillaries |
| Popliteal | Artery located behind the knee |
| Dorsalis pedis | Artery located on the foot |
| Jugular | Vein in the neck-drains blood from head |
| Cardiopulmonary circulation | Takes de-oxygenated blood from heart to lungs and back |
| Systemic circulation | Circulates oxygenated blood to the body and carries carbon dioxide and other wastes back to the heart |
| Lubb | S1 - Sound made by the closing of the tricuspid and bicuspid valves |
| Dubb | S2 - Sound made by the closing of the semilunara valves. Shorter and higher pitched |
| Sinoatrial (SA) node | Pacemaker of the heart-regulating the heartbeat. Sends electrical current through atria causing them to contraction |
| Atrioventricular (AV) node | Sends electrical current down the septum through the Bundle of His |
| Purkinje fibers | Surrounds ventricles, sending electrical current through the heart muscle contracting the ventricles |
| Coronary Artery Disease | Occurs when the coronary arteries narrow causing decreasing the oxygen supply to the heart |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | Blockage of the arteries, usually in the legs |
| Pulse | Alternating expansion and contraction of an artery as blood flows through it |
| Blood pressure | Surge of blood as the heart pumps creating pressure on the walls of the arteries |
| Artery | Carries oxygenated blood away from the heart under high pressure. Very muscular and elastic |
| Vein | Carries de-oxygenated blood toward the heart under low pressure. Not as muscular and will collapse if not filled with blood |
| Capillary | Smallest vessel. Walls very thin to allow gas exchange |
| Angina pectoris | Severe chest pain. A symptom of decreased oxygen to the heart caused by coronary artery disease |
| Arrythmias | Deviation from the rate and/or rhythm of the heart |
| Varicose Veins | Occurs as a result of weakened valves causing a backflow and pooling of blood. Veins become very distended |
| Atherosclerosis | Occurs when fatty deposits form along the walls of the artery causing narrowing of the vessel |
| Arteriosclerosis | Occurs when the arteries become less elastic and thicken. Increases with aging |
| Aneurysm | Weakening of the arterial wall. Can cause severe bleeding if ruptures |
| Transient Ischemic Attacks | Temporary interruptions of the blood flow to the brain. Cause is usually a narrowing in the carotid artery |
| Radial artery | Artery along the wrist. Common pulse site |
