| A | B |
|---|
| multiple alleles | three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait |
| sex chromosomes | carry genes that determine whether a person is male or female |
| sex-linked gene | genes that are carried on the X and Y chromosomes |
| carrier | a person who has one recessive allele for a trait and one dominant allele, but does not have the disorder |
| genetic disorder | an abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes |
| pedigree | a chart or family tree that tracks the inheritance of traits in humans |
| karyotype | a picture of all of the chromosomes in a cell |
| selective breeding | process of selecting organisms with desired traits to be the parents of the next generation |
| inbreeding | crossing two individuals that have similar characteristics |
| hybridization | breeders cross two genetically different individuals to have the best traits from both |
| clone | an organism that has exactly the same genes as the organism from which it was produced |
| genetic engineering | genes from one organism are transferred into the DNA of another organism |
| gene therapy | inserting copies of a gene directly into a person's cells to correct a genetic disorder |
| genome | all of the DNA in one cell of an organism |
