| A | B |
|---|
| Litigation | Decision on laws made through the courts such as lawsuits etc. Ex. Brown's desegregation order |
| 24th Amendment | Outlawed poll takes to qualify to vote |
| 26th Amendment | Lowered voting age to 18 |
| American Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 | granted full US citizenship to America's indigenous peoples called "Indians" in this act. |
| Thurgood Marshall | Chief Counsel for NAACP during the Brown vs. Board case; First African American man on the Supreme Court |
| Billy Graham | Influential evangelical Christian minister and adviser to several presidents during the later 20th Century |
| Barry Goldwater | 1964 Republican candidate for President and first candidate of the Conservative Movement. |
| Sandra Day O'Connor | First female Supreme Court Justice |
| Hillary Clinton | Former First Lady; Senator from New York; Former Secretary of State in Barack Obama's administration |
| Chicano Mural Movement | out-growth of Chicano civil rights movement; developed into full artistic movement in the paintings of large murals on the walls of buildings etc. |
| Dolores Huerta | Civil Rights activist who worked with Cesar Chavez to improve conditions for Hispanic farm workers in California |
| Sonia Sotomayor | First Hispanic Woman on the Supreme Court |
| Oprah Winfrey | Successful African American female businesswoman and found of a media empire |
| "In God We Trust" | America's motto added to our coins and money in the 1950s to distinguish us from Russia which outlawed religious practices |
| "E Pluribus Unum" | "From many one." indicates how our culture and society is a product of many peoples coming together and unifying |
| Roy Benavides | Vietnam war soldier and Congressional Medal of Honor winner |
| 4th amendment | No illegal searches |
| 5th Amendment | No self-incrimination |
| 14th Amendment | Citizenship to freed slaves |
| 19th amendment | Women’s suffrage. They can vote. |
| 15th amendment | Slaves are freed and given right to vote |
| 18th Amendment | Prohibition making alcohol production illegal |
| 26th Amendment | Right to vote at age 18 |
| 1st Amendment | Basic freedoms religion press assembly petition |
| 17th Amendment | Direct election of senators. |
| Bill of Rights | The first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution |
| 21st Amendment | Repeals prohibition or the 18th amendment making alcohol illegal |
| 24th Amendment | Forbids the denial of the right to vote for US citizens. |
| 22nd Amendment | Limits number of terms a president can serve—2 terms maximum |
| 2nd Amendment | The right to bear arms (own guns) |
| Amendments | Additions to the Constitution |
| 20th Amendment | Mandates January 20th as the beginning of the presidential term. |
| 13th Amendment | Abolishes slavery in the United States and territories |
| Immigration Quotas | Result of American intolerance of ethnic minorities |
| Checks and Balances | Constitution provides for Executive Judicial and Legislative branches to prevent any one area from gaining too much power |
| Federalism | States have power but federal government has ultimate authority. |
| Tyranny of the Majority | One of Tocqueville’s characteristics of democracy |
| Serviceman’s Readjustment Act | Following WW2 provided loans for housing education etc. from the GI bill |
| Social Darwinism | Robber Barons and others used this idea that the most “fit” become wealthy to justify monopolies imperialism and racism. |
| Egalitarianism | Society of equals from of Tocqueville’s characteristics of democracy. |
| Declaration of Independence | US document containing the foundation of Government beginning “When in the course of human events” and “We hold these truths to be self-evident” |
| Agricultural Adjustment Act | A New Deal program raising agricultural prices by limiting surplus. |
| Free Market System | Laissez faire policies (hands off) that mostly ended with New Deal policies |
| Spoils | The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act attempted to end this |
| Constitution | This phrase introduces this US document: “We the people of the United States in order to form a more perfect union establish justice insure domestic tranquility…” |
| Civilian Conservation Corps | New Deal program providing jobs to young men. |
| Marbury vs Madison | judicial review |
| Worster vs Georgia | Indians losing land |
| Dred Scott vs Sandford | slaves are not people but property |
| McCulloch vs Maryland | National Bank is OK |
| Gibbons vs Ogden | government controls interstate commerce |
| Korematsu vs US | Japanese Americans present a danger in wartime |
| Mapp vs Ohio | illegal evidence can’t be used in court |
| Gideon vs Wainwright | everyone deserves an attorney |
| Miranda vs Arizona | rights of accused must be communicated |
| Swann vs CMS | use of busing to achieve integrated schools |
| University of California vs Bakke | reverse discrimination of whites in colleges |
| Munn vs Illinois | government controls railroads |
| Hernandez Vs. Texas | 14th amendment--Equal protection under the Law |
| Segregation in schools illegal | Mendez v. Westminster Brown V. B of E Delgado Vs. Bastrop |
| Roe Vs. Wade | Legalized abortion |
| Scheneck Vs. the US | Speech can be restricted if causes danger |
| Generals who became presidents | Jackson—Rev. War |
| Tinker Vs. | 1st amendment--freedom of speech protest Vietnam with black arm bands |
| Separate but Equal is okay(segregation allowed) | Plessy Vs. Ferguson |
| Mendez Vs. Westminster | segregation of Hispanic children illegal |
| Wisconsin Vs. Yoder | Amish not required to attend school--Freedom of Religion |
| Made School Segregation illegal | Mendez v. Westminster Brown V. B of E Delgado Vs. Bastrop |
| Roe Vs. Wade | Legalized abortion |
| Scheneck Vs. the US | speech can be restricted if causes danger |
| Generals who became presidents | Eisenhower--WW2, Grant--Civ. War, Jackson—Rev. War |
