| A | B |
|---|
| Alveoli | Air sacs in the lungs-place where gas exchange takes place |
| Surfactant | Lipid substance lining the alveoli keeping them from collapsing |
| External Respiration | The process of breathing. Gas exchange between the lungs and the environment |
| Internal Respiration | Gas exchange between the cells in tissues and the blood in the capillaries of the circulatory system |
| Emphysema | Type of COPD affecting alveoli. They become distended, lose elasticity and may rupture. Affects ability to exhale |
| COPD | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
| Chronic Bronchitis | Type of COPD affecting the bronchial tubes. Bronchial tubes become inflamed, producing phlegm. Diagnosis is usually after experiencing persistent cough lasting 3 months for 2 consecutive years. |
| Pneumothorax | Collapsed lung. Occurs when there is an air leak in the space between the lung and chest wall. |
| Exhalation (Expiration) | Breathing Out (exhale) |
| Inhalation (Inspiration) | Breathing in (inhale) |
| Respiration | Process of breathing/Aka external respiration |
| Warms and moistens the air | Sinus |
| Filters the air/found in the nose, trachea and bronchial tubes | Ciliated mucus |
| Keeps the trachea and bronchial tubes open and flexible for breathing | hyaline cartilage |
| Epiglottis | Flap which closes over the larynx during swallowing to prevent food and fluids from going into trachea |
| Asthma | Inflammatory response to a stimulus. Airway becomes obstructed by overproduction of mucus and constriction of the bronchial tubes |
| Quick acting drug taken during an asthma attack | Rescue inhaler |
| Bronchospasm | Involuntary contraction of the bronchial tubes-prevents passage of air into lungs |
| Epistaxis | nose bleed |
| Tubercules | Lesions in the lungs caused by the Tuberculosis bacteria |
| Blood tinged sputum, nights sweats, unexplained weight loss, persistent cough | Common symptoms of Tuberculosis |
| Pneumonia | Inflammation of the lungs/alveoli become filled with fluid |
| Chest Tube | Placed in chest to remove air from the pleural space and allow the lung to expand |
| Pleura | Watery membrane covering the lungs and the space between the lungs and the thoracic cavity |
| Diaphragm | Muscle of breathing. Flattens and pulls down during inhalation, relaxes and moves up during exhalation |
| Eupnea | Normal breathing. Breaths are effortless, silent and within the normal range |
| 12-20 | Normal range of breaths per minute |
| Phrenic nerve | Stimulates the diaphragm to move during breathing |
| Medulla Oblongata | Respiratory center in the brain |
| Hering Breuer | Prevents over inflation of the lungs |
