| A | B |
|---|
| Bartolome de Las Casas | Spanish priest who was the first European to speak out against the mistreatment of the Indians |
| Ferdinand Magellan | ALthouht he died before completing the journey, his expeditions was the fist to circumnavigate the globe. He named the Pacific Ocean. He was from Portugal but sailed for Spain |
| Marco Polo | Spent 24 years exploring Asia. He wrote a book about his travels which inspired many future explorers |
| Prince Henry the Navigator | Portuguese prince who encouraged exploration by establishing a school for sailors and financing expeditions to Africa |
| Bartolomeu Dias | Sailed for Portugal. Rounded the Cape of Good Hope-The southernmost tip of Africa |
| Vasco de Gama | Portuguese explorer who spent time in Calicut, India and explored almost the entire coast of Africa |
| Pedro Alverez | Set sail from Portugal to India, but wound up discovering Brazil |
| Christopher Columbus | Italian who sailed for Spain. Set out to find the East Indies, but discovered the Bahamas and Hispaniola |
| Hernan Cortes | Spanish conquistadore who conquered the Aztecs in Mexico |
| Vasco Nunez de Balboa | Sailed for Spain and discovered the Pacific Ocean. |
| archipelago | a chain of islands |
| hull | the sides and bottom of a boat |
| mutiny | a rebellion against a leader such as a ship's captain |
| royal standard | a monarch's flag |
| navigation | traveling by ship from one place to another |
| circumnavigate | to travel completely around somethnig, especially by water |
| strait | a narrow waterway connecting two bodies of water |
| rain shadow | an area that gets less rain because it is on the protected side of a mountain |
| Spice Islands | Islands stretching from the Malay Peninsula in southeast Asia to Australia |
| league | an old measurement of distance equal to approximately three miles |
| monopoly | complete control of selling a product or service |
| infidel | someone who does not believe in what is considered the true religion |
| scurvy | a disease caused by a lack of vitamin C, which is found in fresh fruits and vegetables |
| Treaty of Tordesillas | what divided land between Spain and Portugal |
| lateens | large triangular sails that helpeded provide easy handling in the winds along the Mediterranean coast |
| knots | how the speed of the boat was measured using rope. |
| Moor | a North African follower of Islam |
