| A | B |
|---|
| Capital goods | Manufactured or constructed items that are used to produce goods and services |
| Central planning | Detailed economic processes and goals developed by government; usually associated with communist economies |
| Command economy | “An economic system in which all or many of the means of production and distribution are owned and controlled by the government” |
| Communism | “A command economic system in which the government controls the economic system and does not allow private ownership of the means of production and distribution” |
| Competition | The rivalry between two or more businesses to attract scarce customer dollars |
| Consumer goods | Tangible items produced for personal use |
| Consumers | People who use goods and services to satisfy their wants |
| Distribution | The process or activity by which income is divided among resource owners and producers |
| Economic resources | The human and natural resources and capital goods used to produce goods and services |
| Economic system | The organized way in which a country handles its economic decisions and solves its economic problems |
| Financial capital | Money needed to operate a business |
| Government | A country’s arrangement for making and enforcing laws |
| Human resources | People who work to produce goods and services |
| Human-services programs | Benefits such as free health care |
| Industrial goods | Tangible items that will be consumed by industrial users |
| Interdependent | Influencing or relying upon one another |
| Market economy | “An economic system in which the questions of what |
| Markets | Arrangements for the buying and selling of goods and services |
| Means of production | All the resources required in the production of goods and services |
| Medium of exchange | Something of value that can be used to obtain goods and services; most common form is money |
| Natural resources | Items that are found in nature and used to produce goods and services |
| Producers | The people who make or provide goods and services |
| Production | The economic process or activity of producing goods and services |
| Profit | Monetary reward a business owner receives for taking the risk involved in investing in a business; income left once all expenses are paid |
| Quotas | Specific goals to be met |
| Resource | Any item that is used to accomplish another activity |
| Scarcity | A condition resulting from the gap between limited resources and unlimited wants for goods and services |
| Socialism | A modified command economic system in which government owns the basic means of production and allows private ownership of businesses as well |
| Subsistence | Existence at a level that barely supports life |
| Supply | The quantity of a good or service that sellers are able and willing to offer for sale at a specified price in a given time period |
| Traditional economy | “An economic system in which people produce only what they must have in order to exist; all economic decisions are based on habit and tradition” |
| Welfare state | A government that provides multiple social programs such as free health care and education to its citizens |
