| A | B |
|---|
| retreat | to move away from an enemy |
| Nathan Hale | young schoolteacher who served Gen. Washington as a spy; was captured and hung by the British; said "I regret that I have but one life to lose for my country." |
| mercenary | a soldier who is paid or hired to fight for a foreign country |
| Hessians | name applied to the mercenaries hired by the British to fight in the Revolutionary War; came from an area of Germany known as Hesse |
| Battle of Trenton | Washington and the Continental Army surprised the Hessians during this attack that resulted in a much-needed victory for the Americans |
| Gen. John Burgoyne | British general who led an army towards Albany, NY in June 1777; lost to the Americans at a key battle - the Battle of Saratoga |
| Thaddeus Kosciuszko | a Polish engineer who designed a wall of earth and logs that helped the Americans win the Battle of Saratoga |
| Battle of Saratoga | an American victory that proved to be the turning point of the Revolutionary War; France decided to help the Americans after this victory |
| Benedict Arnold | began the Revolutionary War as an officer in the Continental Army played key role in the victory at Saratoga; later went over to the British side and is remembered as a traitor |
| Marquis de Lafayette | wealthy French nobleman who came to help the Continental Army; became a trusted officer to Gen. Washington; played key roles in several battles, especially Yorktown |
| Valley Forge | the Continental Army suffered through a bitter winter at this location in PA; the Army did emerge as well trained in the spring |
| Baron Friedrich Von Steuben | German soldier who came to help the Continental Army; was responsible for helping the Army become a well-trained fighting force at Valley Forge |
