| A | B |
| conquer | to take over |
| emperor | a ruler of an empire |
| taxation | pay to support the government |
| monotheism | a belief in one god |
| barter | to trade without using money |
| Ten Commandments | rules for responsible behavior |
| Lydians | made contributions in the economy |
| Israelites | made contributions in religion |
| Phoenicians | made contributions in language |
| Code of Hammurabi | strict laws followed at this time |
| Sargon | first person to rule an empire |
| Abraham | believed in one God |
| Moses | led his people out of slavery and was given the Ten Commandments |