| A | B |
|---|
| Rarefaction | A region of a wave that is relaxed, not compressed. |
| Node | A region of a Standing Wave that has no movement |
| Antinode | A region of a Standing Wave that has maximum movement |
| Amplitude | The height of the wave |
| Wavelength | The distance from two equivalent points on a wave. The distance from peak-to-peak. |
| Frequency | The number of waves passing a specific point in a given time. |
| SI Unit --- Amplitude | Meters |
| SI Unit --- Frequency | Hertz or (1/s) |
| SI Unit --- Wavelength | Meters |
| SI Unit --- Wave Speed | m/s |
| Period | The amount of time for a wave to complete one cycle. |
| Reflection | Occurs when a wave bounces off a surface. |
| Refraction | Occurs when a wave appears to bend as it passes into a new medium |
| Diffraction | Occurs when a wave passes through an opening or by an edge. |
| Doppler Effect | The apparent shift in frequency when a wave is traveling toward or away from you. |
| Polarized Light | A form of light that occurs when the waves are aligned along the same plane. |
| Radio | The lowest energy form of electromagnetic radiation. |
| AM Radio | A form of radio that transmits waves using Amplified Modulation. This sounds noisy but travels far distances |
| FM Radio | A form of radio that transmits waves using Frequency Modulation. This sounds clear but doesn't travel very far. |
| Transparent | Occurs when light completely passes through a material with no reflection or scattering |
| Translucent | Occurs when light passes through a material with some reflection and scattering |
| Opaque | A material that doesn't allow light to pass through it. These objects are not see-through. |
| Pigment | A chemical that absorbs and reflects a specific frequency of light. |
| The 3 primary colors in science | Red, Green, Blue |
| The 3 primary pigments | Cyan, Magenta, Yellow |
| Absorption | Occurs when a substance gains energy causing the electrons to travel from a low energy state to a high energy state. |
| Emission | Occurs when a substance loses energy causing the electrons to travel from a high energy state to a low energy state. |
| Gamma-Ray | The highest energy form of electromagnetic radiation. |
| Visible Light | The region of the electromagnetic spectrum that humans can detect with their eyes. |
| Microwave | A form of electromagnetic radiation that causes molecules to rotate. |
| Infrared | A form of electromagnetic radiation that causes molecules to vibrate and stretch. |
| Ultraviolet | A form of electromagnetic radiation that helps plants grow and can cause sunburn. |
| X-Ray | A form of electromagnetic radiation that can pass through tissue but not your skeletal system. |
| Destructive Interference | Occurs when two waves cancel each other out |
| Constructive Interference | Occurs when two waves combine or add up. |
| Seismic Wave | A type of wave that is formed from vibrations within the Earth from moving tectonic plates. These lead to earthquakes. |
| How is a Transverse Wave formed? | A wave produced by a force that acts perpendicular to its direction of movement. |
| How is a Compression Wave formed? | A wave produced by a force that acts parallel to its direction of movement. |
| Speed of Light | 3 x 10^8 m/s |
| Speed of Sound | 343 m/s |
| Trough | The lowest point on a wave |
| Crest | The highest point on a wave |
| Pitch | A property of a sound wave that is related to the frequency |
| Volume | A property of a sound wave that is related to the amplitude |
