| A | B |
|---|
| Gilded Age | Term coined by Mark TTwain to describe the post-Reconstruction era |
| laissez-faire | Doctrine stating that government generally should not interfere in private business |
| subsidy | A payment made by the government to encourage the development of certain key industries |
| blue law | Regulations that prohibited certain private activities people considered immoral, such as drinking alcohol on Sundays |
| civil service | The government's nonelected workers |
| Pendleton Civil Service Act | 1883 law that created a Civil Service commission and stated that fedreal employees couldnot be required to contribute to campaign funds nor be fired for political reasons |
| rebate | A partial refund |
| Munn v. Illinois | 1877 Supreme court decision that allowed states to regulate certain businesses within their border |
| pogrom | Violent massacre of Jews |
| steerage | A large open area beneath a ship's deck, often used to house traveling immigrants |
| quarantine | A time of isolation to prevent the spread of a disease |
| ghetto | Area in which one ethnic or racial group dominates |
| restrictive covenant | Agreement among homeowners not to sell real estate to certain groups of people, such as Jews or African Americans |
| Chinese Exclusive Act | Law passed in 1882 that prohibitied chinese laborers from entering the country, but did not prevent entry of those who had previously established US residence |
| Gentlemen's Agreement | 1907 agreement between the US and Japan that restricted Japanese immigration |
| alien | A noncitizen |
