| A | B |
| apologist | person who speaks in defense of a person |
| dissuade | to discourage from doing something |
| dupe | take advantage of; person taken advantage of |
| fallacy | a false belief; faulty and illogical reasoning |
| imply | to hint; to suggest indirectly |
| indisputable | beyond doubt; certain |
| infer | to draw a conclusion from evidence |
| red herring | draws attention away from main issue |
| refute | to prove to be false or invalid; deny the truth of |
| substantiate | to support with evidence |