| A | B |
|---|
| homeostasis | maintenance of body system to keep a constant state |
| disease | state of functional disequilibrium or a change in function that is abnormal |
| pathophysiology | study of physiological processes leading to disease |
| signs | objective evidence of disease observed by clinician |
| symptoms | subjective indications of disease reported by the patient |
| syndrome | a collection of signs and symptoms that occur simultaneously in a particular disease or disorder |
| diagnosis | use of scientific or clinical methods to determine the nature of disease |
| prognosis | predicted course and outcome of a disease |
| acute | a disease of short duration and sudden onset |
| chronic | a disease of long duration and less severe onset |
| remission | when signs and symptoms of a disease subside during a period of time |
| exacerbation | when a disease returns in all its severity |
| relapse | when a disease returns weeks or months after its apparent cessation |
| complication | a disease or abnormal state that develops in a person already suffering from a disease |
| sequela | aftermath of a particular disease that may be damage to the body |
| mortality | measure of the number of deaths in population over a period of time |
| morbidity | measure of the disability and extent of illness caused by a disease |
| prevalence | the number of cases occuring at a given time in a specified population |
| incidence | the number of new cases of a disease in a given time in a specific population |
| epidemiology | study of the occurrence, transmission, distribution, and control of disease |
| etiology | cause of a specific disease |
| pathogenesis | development of a disease |
| idiopathic | unknown cause of a disease |
| lesion | damaged gene, enzyme, abnormal cells, tissues, or organs |
| risk factors | these predispose an individual to the development of a disease |
| palliative | treatment designed to relieve symptoms, but not address the cause of a disease |
| immunodeficiency | an inadequate or absent immune system |
| inflammation | a normal response to tissue injury or disease with redness, heat, swelling, pain or loss of function |
| infection | disease caused by a pathogen |
| pathogen | bacteria, virus, fungus, protist, or other organism that causes disease |
| endogenous | originating from within the body |
| exogenous | originating from outside of the body |
| "superbugs" | bacteria that are antibiotic resistant |
| neoplasm | cancer |
| malignant | cancer cells that invade and spread throughout the body |
| benign | cancer cells that develop slowly and may cause complications as they grow, but do not metastasize |
| metastasis | the breaking loose of malignant cancer cells that move into the blood stream |
| TNM system | a method for classifying tumors as either I, II, III, or IV |
