| A | B |
|---|
| chemistry | the study of how chemicals work |
| atoms | the building blocks of matter |
| elements | substances made of only one type of atom |
| compounds | made up of two or more atoms |
| nucleus | the center of the atom; contains protons and neutrons |
| protons | particles that carry a positive charge |
| neutrons | particles that carry no charge; neutral particles |
| electrons | particles that are negatively charged |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus |
| isotopes | elements with fluctuating numbers of neutrons but doesn't change the charge |
| molecules | two or more atoms combine and act as a single particle |
| covalent bond | the sharing of electrons between two elements that produces a strong bond |
| ionic bond | when two elements exchange electrons and bind based on their charge |
| ion | when an atom has an excess charge, whether positive or negative |
| mixture | substances physically mixed together without forming a new chemical; can be separated at anytime without a chemical reaction |
| solution | any homogenous mixture |
| solvent | the liquid substance in a solution |
| solutes | substances dissolved in a solution |
| dissociation | ionic substances dissolved in water split into their ions |
| acid | any compound that produces hydrogen (H+) ions in solutions |
| hydroxide | OH- |
| base | a compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water |
| neutralization | The mixing of an acid and a base to produce as one of its products a molecule of water |
