| A | B |
| Polytheistic | To worship more than one god |
| Tigris and Euphrates | Rivers that brought life to Mesopotamia |
| Satrap | Leader of a Persian province |
| Sumerians | First civilization to develop the wheel |
| Phoenicians | Traded purple dye and glass |
| Covenant | Agreement between the Hebrew God and Abraham |
| Exodus | When the Jews fled from Egypt |
| River Valleys | Where early humans first settled |
| Ziggurats | Sumerian temples |
| Diaspora | When the Jews were forced to leave their homeland |
| Barter Economy | Trading goods for goods |
| Cuneiform | Sumerian Writing system |
| Yom Kippur | Jewish Holiday: Day of Atonement |
| Moses | Led the Jews out of Egypt |
| Innana | Sumerian Goddess of Love |
| Mesopotamia | "Land between two Rivers" |
| Phoenicians | "Carriers of Civilization" |
| Rosh Hashannah | Jewish New Year |
| Darius | Persian King that split his Empire into Provinces |
| Hittites | Civilization that developed iron working |
| Hammurabi | Developed a strict law code for the Babylonians |
| Monotheistic | To worship one god |
| Abraham | Known as "Father of the Faithful" to the Hebrews |
| Torah | Holy Book of the Jews |
| Ahriman | Evil god in Persian religion |
| Ahura Mazda | Good god in Persian Religion |
| Persian Gulf | The Tigris and Euphrates River run into this body of water |
| Iraq | Modern country that contains most of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers |
| Zoroaster | Religious philospher in Persia |
| Alphabet | Writing system devised by the Phoenicians. |