| A | B |
|---|
| Nervous system is divided into the | central nervous system (CNS) and Peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
| CNS consists of | brain and spinal cord |
| PNS consists of the | nerves and ganglion |
| PNS is further divided into the | sensory division and motor division |
| Sensory division of the PNS is divided intoo | visceral sensory (internal soft organs) and somatic (skeletal muscle and joints) sensory divisions |
| motor division of the PNS is further divided into | visceral motor and somatic motor |
| Visceral motor includes these divisions | sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions |
| sympathetic | fight or flight; increase heart rate, increase respiratory; decreases digestive and urinary tract blood flow |
| parasympathetic | rest and recover; opposite of sympathetic |
| sensory (afferent) neuron found in PNS | signal from sensory receptor to CNS |
| Motor (afferent) neuron | cns sends signals to effectors such as muscles and glands |
| interneurons (associations neurons) | confined to the CNS; processes information, makes a decision and sends signal back |
| dendrites | branch from cell body; receive signals from other cellsand direct them to the cell body |
| soma | another name for the cell body |
| Scwan cell from PNS and a oligodendrocyte from the CNS | build the myelin sheath |
| diameter of axon and myelin sheath | increases signal speed transmission |
| signal is received by dendrites then | move to trigger zone where action potential is created then signal moves down neuron |
| myelin sheath | insulates the axon |
| node of ranvier | gaps which occur between the internodes of the axon |
| neurotransmittors | found at synaptic knobs |
| presynaptic neurons have | vesicles with neurotransmittors |
| postsynaptic neuron have | receptors and ligand-regulated ion channels |
| synaptic vesicles | contains the neurotransmittors (chemical messages) |
| multipolar neuron | one axon, multiple dendrite, most common neuron and found in CNS |
| Bipolar neuron | one axon and one dendrite, olfactory cells, retina, inner ear |
| unipolar neuron | single process leading AWAY from the soma, found sensory cells from skin and organs to spinal cord |
| anaxonic neuron | many dendrites NO axons, found in retina, brain and adrenal gland |
| axolemma | plasma membrane of an axon |
| axoplasm | cytoplasm of the axon |
| 2 major classification of cells in nervous system | neurons and neurglia |
| 2 types of neroglia cells found in the PNS | satellite cells and schwann cells |
| 4 types of the neuroglia cells found in the CNS | astrocyte, Oligodendrocytes, Microglia and Ependymal cells |
| astrocyts known as the blood brain barrier | moniotrs what goes into the brain |
| microglia | ability to find foreign pathogens and phagocytize them |
| ependymal cell | line ventricles, filter blood plasma to help make the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) |
| satellite cells | help cover the neursoma of the PNS |
