| A | B |
|---|
| Endocrine system main glands | pineal, hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, pancreas, adrenal, gonads |
| Pancreas is both | exocrine and endocrine gland |
| gonads are | testes in male and ovaries in female |
| hypothalamus secretes these hormones which go to the anterior pituitary gland | Thyroid releasing homone (TRH), Gonadotropin releasing hormone, corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) and Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) |
| After receiving hormones from hypothalamus the pituitary stimulates release of these hormones | Prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone, leutinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropin hormone, and growth hormone |
| pineal gland secrestes _____ and _____ | serotonin and melatonin |
| thyroid gland secretes ____, ____, and _____ | t3, t4, calcitonin (metabolism) |
| thymus gland secretes _____ and ______ | thymosin, thymopoetin (immune function) |
| pancrease secrestes ______ and _______ | insulin, gulcagon (maintains blood glucose levels) |
| adrenal glands have these two parts | adrenal cortex (outer) and adrenal medulla (inner) |
| Adrenal cortex is divided into these 3 layers which secrete steroid homones | zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, zona reticularis |
| adrenal medulla secretes ______ and ______ | epinephrine and norepinephrine (act as both neurotransmitters and hormones) |
| pancreatic islet is composed of 3 types of cells called | beta, alpha and delta |
| beta cells of the pancreas secrete | insulin |
| alpha cells of the pancreas secrete | glucagon |
| delta cells of pancreas secrete | somatotropin |
| endocrine system secretes chemical messengers called | hormones |
| testes secrete | testosterone |
| ovaries secrete _____ and _____ | estrogen and progesterone |
| Blood has these 3 components | plasma, erythrocytes and luekocytes/platelets |
| Buffy coat in the blood contains what | leukocytes and platelets |
| cells in the blood are also known as | formed elements |
| normal values for mean RBC count | female: 4.2 to 5.4 and males 4.6 to 6.2 million/uL |
| normal value for WBC | 5,000 to 10,000/uL |
| normal value for platelet | 130,000 to 360,000 /uL |
| plasma is mainly made of | water, proteins, nutrients, electrolytes, nitrogenous waste and gases |
| major function of the red blood cell (RBC) is to | carry oxygen |
| antigen determines your | blood type A, B, AB |
| O blood type has neither _____ or _____ antigens | A, B |
| white blood cells are classified into 2 types of cells | granulocytes and agranulocytes |
| what are the three types of granulocytes | neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils |
| neutrophils function is to ______ and _____ | phagocytize (destroy) bacteria, release antimicrobial chemicals |
| eosinophils function is to _____ and _____ | phagocytyze antigen-antibody complexes, allergens and inflammatory chemicals, release enzymes to destroy parasites |
| Basophils function is to _____ and _____ | secrete histamine to increase blood flow to tissue, secrete heparin to prevent clotting |
| agranulocytes are divided into what 2 types of cells | lymphocytes and monocytes |
| function of the lymphocytes is to secrete specific antibodies for what type of lymphocyte | B lymphocytes |
| moncytes differentiate into what | macrophages to phagocytize pathogens and dead cells |
| how many different types of white bloods cells (WBC) are there | 5 |
| Platelets play major role in what | blood clotting |
| 3 steps in blood clotting are | vasospasm, platelet formation and coagulation |
| the heart is covered with what | pericardium |
| 3 layers of the pericardium are | myocardium, endocardium and epicardium |
| heart has 4 chambers known as | atrium (upper chambers) and ventricles (lower chambers) |
| heart has what 4 valves | 2 AV (atrioventricular) valves and 2 semilunar vlaves |
| left coronary artery divides into ______ arteries called | 2 circumflex branch and anterior inter-ventricular branch |
| THE THREE DIFFERENT PARTS OF A BLOOD VESSEL ARE | TUNICA INTERNA, TUNICA MEDIA AND TUNICA EXTERNA |
| arteries take oxygenated blood _______ from the heart | away |
| veins take unoxengenated blood _____ the heart | back to |
