| A | B |
|---|
| cell | smallest unit that can carry on all processes of life |
| unicellular | 1 cell (ex: yeast, bacteria, and some protosoans) |
| multicellular | more than one cell |
| Robert Hooke | discovered cells in cork |
| Leeuwenhoek | first to observe living cells |
| Schlieden | dis. bot- plant made of cells |
| Schwann | dis. zoo- animals made of cells |
| Virchow | dis. cells come from other cells |
| Cell theory | 1- all living things are made up of cells 2-cells are basic unit of life 3- cells come from other cells |
| size of cell | 2M long to 2micrometers in diameter |
| prokeryotics | have no nucleus and few organelles |
| eukaryotics | have a nucleus and many organelles |
| organelles (nickname) | "a little organ" |
| cytoplasm | jelly-like liquid that contains dissolved molecules and organelles-cytoplasmic streaming |
| ribosomes | site of protein synthesis, smallest organelle and most important fuction |
| free ribosomes | float in cytoplasm and make proteins for internal use |
| attached ribosomes | stuck on ER, make proteins for export |
| endoplasmic reticulum | intracellular highway (within)- network of hollow tubes |
| gogli apparatus/body/complex | stack of flattened sacks that packages proteins for export |
| lysosomes | contain digestive enzymes that break down worn out cell parts, food, and foreign matter (suicide sacks) |
| mitochondria | site of aerobic cell respiration (Eating food to make energy), makes chemical energy for cell (Has own DNA) |
| 2 membranes of mitochondria | outer oval and inner folded |
| vacuoles | plant cells only- used for storing water, food, ad waste |
| cytoskeleton | microtubules that have semi-rigid protein fibers |
| nucleus | control center that sontains almost all of cell's DNA |
| chromatin | how DNA is usually found in the DNA |
| nucleolous | site of ribsome synthesis |
| nuclear envelope | membrane which has pores |
| cell wall | semi-rigid cellulose layer that surrounds plasma membrane and has large pores is used for protection and support and may consist of more than one layer |
| chloroplasts | chlorophyll for photosythesis |
| chromoplasts | pigments for flower petals |
| leukoplasts | starch storage granules |
| centrioles (A O) | cylindersmae from MT and is used as anchors for cell division |
| cilia ( a o) | short MT fibers hat stick through the membrane only 1-2 per cell used for movement |
| homeostasis | maintaining a stable internal enviroment een through external eviroment is always shanging |
| plasmedesmata | channels between cells that allow water and other small molecules to go from cell to cell |
| extracellular matrix | layer of stickiness that helps hold cells together |
| tight junctions | binds cells together tightly |
| anchoring junctions | allow materials to passa along the spaces between cells (Have fibers) |
| communicating junctions | allow materials to pass through |
| diffusion | kind of passive transport |
| osmosis | water diffusion |
| plasmolysis | when a plant goes limp |
| cytolysis | when a plant cell burst |
| trugo pressire | the pressure created with hypo and hyper tonic pressure |
| where does water always move? | moves to hyper |
