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| FAT | File allocation table is a list or table that keeps track of the location of all of the files on a system and is managed by the operating system. A FAT is sometimes referred to as a cluster. |
| FAT32 | A partition type used with the later versions of Windows 95 that can have individual partitions of up to 2 TB. FAT32 can also be used with Windows 2000 and Windows XP. |
| Disk Defragmenter | A computer program included in Microsoft Windows designed to increase access speed by rearranging files stored on a disk to occupy contiguous storage locations, a technique commonly known as defragmenting. |
| Disk Cleanup | A computer maintenance utility included in Microsoft Windows designed to free up disk space on a computer's hard drive. |
| Hotfixes | Bits of code that are produced to patch bugs or problems in software. |
| NTFS | New Technology File System is a proprietary file system developed by Microsoft.[1] Starting with Windows NT 3.1, it is the default file system of Windows NT family. |
| Distributed File System | Is a set of client and server services that allow an organization using Microsoft Windows servers to organize many distributed SMB file shares into a distributed file system. It provides location transparency and redundancy to improve data availability in the face of failure or heavy load by allowing shares in multiple different locations to be logically grouped under one folder, or DFS root. |
| RAID | Redundant array of inexpensive disk or redundant array of independent disks is a data storage virtualization technology that combines multiple disk drive components into a logical unit for the purposes of data redundancy or performance improvement |
| Striping | Is the technique of segmenting logically sequential data, such as a file, so that consecutive segments are stored on different physical storage devices. |
| Mirroring | Is the replication of logical disk volumes onto separate physical hard disks in real time to ensure continuous availability. It is most commonly used in RAID 1 |
| Parity | Is a bit added to the end of a string of binary code that indicates whether the number of bits in the string with the value one is even or odd. Parity bits are used as the simplest form of error detecting code. |
| Cyclic Redundancy Check | s an error-detecting code commonly used in digital networks and storage devices to detect accidental changes to raw data. Blocks of data entering these systems get a short check value attached, based on the remainder of a polynomial division of their contents. |
| VHD | Is a file format which represents a virtual hard disk drive (HDD). It may contain what is found on a physical HDD, such as disk partitions and a file system, which in turn can contain files and folders. It is typically used as the hard disk of a virtual machine. |
| OSI Model | Open Systems Interconnection model is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the internal functions of a communication system by partitioning it into abstraction layers. The model is a product of the Open Systems Interconnection project at the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), maintained by the identification ISO/IEC 7498-1. |
| WSUS | Windows Server Update Services is a computer program developed by Microsoft Corporation that enables administrators to manage the distribution of updates and hotfixes released for Microsoft products to computers in a corporate environment. It downloads these updates from the Microsoft Update website and then distributes them to computers on a network. |
| RAID 0 | Requires a minimum of 2 disks. Excellent performance ( as blocks are striped but it provides No redundancy ( no mirror, no parity ). Don’t use this for any critical system. |
| RAID 1 | Requires a minimum of 2 disks. Good performance ( no striping. no parity ). Excellent redundancy ( as blocks are mirrored ). |
| RAID 5 | Requires a minimum of 3 disks. Good performance ( as blocks are striped ). Good redundancy ( distributed parity ). Best cost effective option providing both performance and redundancy. Use this for DB that is heavily read oriented. Write operations will be slow. |
| RAID 10 | Requires a minimum of 4 disks. This is also called as “stripe of mirrors” and provides excellent redundancy (as blocks are mirrored). It also provides excellent performance (as blocks are striped). If you can afford the dollar, this is the BEST option for any mission critical applications (especially databases). |
| Task Manager | Displays the programs, processes, and services that are currently running on your computer. You can use it to monitor your computer’s performance or to close a program that's not responding. |
