| A | B |
|---|
| Autosomes | non-sex chromosomes, which are identical for men and women |
| Barr body | inactivated X chromosome, which is found in the periphery of the nucleus |
| Carrier | a heterozygous individual who is clinically normal but who can transmit a recessive trait or characteristic |
| Chromosome | structures located in the nucleus of cells and on which genes are found |
| Consanguinity | Blood relationship; in genetics the term is generally used to describe a mating or marriage between close relatives |
| Dominant | a trait or characteristic that is manifested when it is carried by only one of a pair of homologous chromosomes |
| Expressivity | degree of clinical manifestation of a trait or characteristic |
| Facies | appearance of the face |
| Gene | hereditary units, transmitted from one generation to another |
| Heterozygote | individual with two different genes at the allele loci |
| Allele | genes that are located at the same level or locus in the two chromosomes of a pair and that determine the same functions or characteristics |
| Homozygote | individual having identical genes at the allele loci |
| Karyotype | photomicrographic representation of a persons chromosomal constitution |
| Nondisjunction | In genetics, when chromosomes that are crossing do not separate; therefore, both migrate to the same cell |
| Phenotype | entire physical, biochemical, and physiologic make up of an individual- Observable appearance |
| Genotype | genetic composition |
| Recessive | trait or characteristic that shows clinically when a double-gene dose exists in autosomal chromosomes or a single_gene dose exists in males if the trait is x linked |
| Translocation | portion of a chromosome attached to another chromosome |
