| A | B |
|---|
| Infra | below |
| Supra | above |
| Anterior | toward the front |
| Posterior | toward the back |
| Distal | part that is most remote from a point of reference |
| Medial/Mesial | toward the midline |
| Lateral | further from the midline |
| Apex | point or tip |
| Alba | white |
| Alveolar | referring to bone that surrounds and supports the teeth |
| Bucca | cheek |
| Buccal | relating to the cheek |
| Fornix | arch |
| Frenum | fold of connective tissue |
| Labia | lip |
| Labial | relating to the lip |
| Linea | line |
| Lingual | relating to the tongue |
| Mental | relating to the chin |
| Naso | nose |
| Nasal | relating to the nose |
| Oral | relating to the mouth |
| Plica | fold of tissue |
| Raphe | seam of tissue |
| Cervical | neck |
| Oral vestibule | space between inner surfaces of the lips & cheeks & the facial surfaces of the teeth |
| Facial | towards the face |
| Oral Cavity Proper | space from the inner surfaces of the teeth to the oropharynx |
| Oropharynx | area of the palatine tonsils |
| Philtrum | midline depression of skin between the nose & upper lip |
| Nasolabial groove/sulcus | depression from the ala of the nose to corner of the lips |
| Labial commisure | junction of upper & lower lips at the corners of the mouth |
| Vermillion border | line where the skin of the face becomes the lips |
| Vermillion zone | colored portion of the lips |
| Ala | "wing" of the nose |
| Tragus | small bulge anterior to the ear opening |
| Medial/lateral canthus of the eye | inner/outer corners of the eye |
| Masticatory mucosa | gingiva & hard palate |
| Lining mucosa | lips, cheeks, floor of the mouth, ventral tongue, soft palate, alveolar mucosa |
| Specialized mucosa | dorsum of tongue |
| Free gingiva | unattached, closest to tooth |
| Attached gingiva | attached, between free gingiva & alveolar mucosa |
| Free gingival groove | depression between free & attached gingiva |
| Interdental/pappilary gingiva | fills space between teeth |
| Interdental groove | vertical depression on the interdental gingiva |
| mucogingival junction | junction of the attached gingiva & alveolar mucosa |
| Mucobuccal fold | mucous membranes turn from the alveolar mucosa to the buccal mucosa |
| Labial frenum | fold of tissue from lip to alveolar mucosa |
| Retromolar pad | triangular pad of tissue posterior to last molar |
| Buccal frenum | fold of tissue between alveolar mucosa & buccal mucosa |
| Maxillary tuberosity | rounded area of bone posterior to last maxillary molar |
| Stenson's pappila(Parotid) | small flap of tissue covering the opening to the parotid (Stenson's) duct |
| Linea alba | raised white line on buccal mucosa |
| Exostoses | bony growths on the facial surface of alveolar bone |
| Pterygomandibular raphe | fold of tissue from retromolar pad toward maxillary tuberosity |
| Mucogingival junction | junction of alveolar mucosa & gingiva |
| mucobuccal fold | alveolar mucosa turns to become buccal mucosa |
| Retromolar pad | triangular pad of tissue posterior to last molar |
| Buccal frenum | thin fold of tissue between alveolar mucosa & buccal mucosa |
| Bony emminence | raised contour of bone covering roots of the teeth |
| Maxillary tuberosity | rounded area of bone posterior to last maxillary molar |
| Stenson's papilla/Parotid papilla | flap of tissue on buccal mucosa opposite maxillary first molar, opening for parotid saliva gland |
| Linea alba | raised white line on buccal mucosa at level of occlusion |
| Exostoses | bony protuberancesw along buccal alveolar bone |
| Pterygomandibular raphe | fold of tissue from retromolar pad up to junction of hard & soft palate (area of retromolar pad) |
| Palate | roof of the mouth |
| Hard palate | anterior 2/3 of the palate |
| Soft palate | posterior 1/3 of the palate |
| Palatine fovea | 2 small depressions on either side of the midline at the junction of the hard & soft palates |
| Palatine torus | excessive bony growth on the palate |
| Incisive papilla | midline pad of soft tissue on palate between maxillary central incisors |
| Median palatine raphe (suture) | midline seam of tissue extending anterior to posterior along entire hard palate ( may see on soft palate) |
| Rugae | firm ridges of tissue on anterior hard palate which extend laterally |
| Uvula | posterior projection of soft tissue in middle of the most posterior portion of the soft palate |
| Fauces | archway or space between left & right tonsils |
| Palatoglossal arch | anterior pillar or fold, arch of tissue anterior to palatine tonsils |
| Palatopharyngeal arch | posterior pillar or fold, arch of tissue posterior to palatine tonsils |
| Tonsils (palatine) | masses of lymphoid tissue between anterior & posterior pillars |
| Tonsils (pharyngeal) | lymphoid tissue found on oropharyngeal walls |
| Tonsils (lingual) | lymphoid tissue found on posterior 1/3 of the tongue |
| Tongue | muscular organ found in the floor of the mouth |
| Median sulcus | midline depression on dorsum of the tongue |
| Foramen caecum (cecum) | pit-like depression found in the center at the apex of the terminal sulcus |
| Terminal sulcus | V-shaped groove that divides the anterior 2/3 from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue |
| Papillae | elevated projections |
| Filiform papillae | long thin projections on the anterior 1/3 of the dorsum of the tongue |
| Foliate papillae | raised vertical folds or ridges on posterior lateral surface of the tongue (taste) |
| Fungiform papillae | mushroom shaped red dots on dorsum & apex of the tongue (taste) |
| Circumvallate papillae | 8-10 large round projections anterior to terminal sulcus |
| Lingual frenum | elevated fold of tissue that connects the ventral surface of the tongue to the floor of the mouth at the midline |
| Plica fimbriata | fold of tissue with finger-like projections found on the ventral surface of the tongue lateral to the lingual veins |
| Lingual veins | veins found on either side of the lingual frenum |
| Sternocleidomastoid muscle | large neck muscle extending from behind the ear toward the clavicle & sternum |
| Lymph nodes | bean-shaped structures that filter lymph & form some white blood vessels |
| Sublingual caruncle | round elevation of tissue on floor of the mouth, found on either side of the lingula frenum, openings for saliva ducts |
| Sublingual fold | elevated tissue on the floor of the mouth that runs from the sublingual caruncle towards the base of the tongue, openings for saliva glands |
| Sublingual salivary glands/Bartholin's glands | bilateral saliva glands in the anterior floor of the mouth |
| Submandibular salivary glands/Wharton's glands | bilateral salivary glands found in the posterior floor of the mouth and under the mandible |
| Bartholin's duct | carries saliva from the sublingual/Bartholins' gland to the oral cavity,empties into the oral cavity through the sublingual caruncle & sublingual fold |
| Wharton's duct | carries saliva from the submandibular/Wharton's gland to the oral cavity & empties through the sublingual caruncle |
| Mandibular tori | bony growths on anterior inner surface of the mandible |
| Occipital lymph nodes | posterior inferior surface of the occipital bone |
| Preauricular lymph nodes | found anterior to the external ear |
| Postauricular lymph nodes | located posterior to the external ear |
| Submental lymph nodes | under the anterior chin |
| Submandibular lymph nodes | under the posterior border of the mandible |
| Superficial cervical lymph nodes | on surface of the sternocleidomastoid muscle |
| Superior deep cervical lymph nodes | located superior in the neck, deep, both anterior & posterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle |
| Middle deep cervical lymph nodes | located deep in the middle of the neck, both anterior & posterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle |
| Inferior deep cervical lymph nodes | located inferior in the neck, deep, both anterior & posterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle |
| TMJ (temporomandiblular joint) | joint just anterior to the external ear, articulation of the mandible (lower jaw) with the temporal bone |
