| A | B |
| circumcision | surgical removal of the foreskin |
| cryptorchidism | failure of one or both testicles descending into scrotum |
| hematuria | blood in the urine |
| uremia | excessive amounts of nitrogenous waste products in the blood |
| hydrocele | enlarged fluid filled sac around the testicle in the scrotum |
| KUB | xray of kidney, ureter, and bladder |
| nephrectomy | surgical removal of the kidney |
| nephropexy | surgical fixation of a floating kidney |
| hypospadius | urethral meatus found abnormally on the undersurface of the penis |
| orchiopexy | surgical fixation of the testicle |
| orchidectomy | surgical removal of the testicle |