| A | B |
|---|
| information processing system | input, processing, output |
| neuron | nerve cells that send messages to and from the brain |
| axons | fibers that carry signals away from the cell body; covered in myelin, 1 axon per cell |
| dendrites | fibers that receive ignals from axons, many dendrites per cell, rough surface |
| myelin | white fatty substances that insultates & protects the axon |
| synapse | minute gap between neurons, provides an area of transfer of signmals b/w axon & dendrite |
| What makes up Central Nervous System (CNS) | The brain and spinal cord. |
| Multiple Sclerosis | Disease of the CNS, destruction of myelin, cause unknown, cannot be prevented. |
| EEG | electrodes are pasted to the head to dected brain waves |
| PET | this technique produces three-dimensional colored images, requres exposure to low levels of radioactivity |
| MRI | uses magnetism, radio waves and a computer to produce images of body structures |
| CAT | xray procedure combines xray images with the aid of a computer to general cross-sectional views. |
| Occiptal lobe | This lobe is located at back of brain, concerned with aspects of vision |
| Frontal lobe | This lobe is concered with reasoning, planning, parts of speech & movement. |
| Temporal Lobe | This lobe is concered with perception, hearing & memory |
| Parietal Lobe | This lobe is is concerned with perception of stimuli related to temperature, pain, touch & pressure. |
| 3 subdivisions of the brain are? | Hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain |
| 4 lobes of the brain are? | occiptal, frontal, temporal, parietal |
| latin word for "little brain"; located in the hindbrain | cerebellum |
| Thalamus | relay station; relays pain signals from the spinal cord to the brain |
| Hypothalamus | lies under thalamus; regulates hunger, thirst & sex drives |
| cerebrum | largest part of the forebrain, accounts for 70% of brains weight |
| damage to this area will leave a person unable to form new memories | hippocampus |
| what makes up the limbic system | amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalmus |
| hemispheres | divide th brain down the middle into two halves |
| corpus callosum | massive bundle of more than a million fibers that connects the two hemispheres |
| two areas of the association coretex involved with language | Broca's area & Wernicke's area |
| difficulty speaking & using incorrect grammer are symptoms of damage to which area of the brain? | Broca's area |
| the inability to understand the meaning of words is a symptom of damage to which area of the brain? | Wernicke's area |
| functions of left hemisphere. | controls right side of body, houses language centers, better logical & language abilities |
| functions of right hemisphere | controls left side of body, thinks in pictures not words, visual imagery |
| coma | a profound or deep state of unconsciousness |
| stroke | occurs when the blood supply to the brain is stopped |
| autism | a pervasive developmental disorder characterized by communication problems, repetitive motions, problems with social interactions |
| suprachiasmatic nucleus | "biological clock" in the brain |
