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Long Island Geology: Glacier Terminology

A list of terms used in the discussion of glaciers and Long Island geology.

AB
GlacierLarge sheet of ice formed by the accumulated snowfall during an ice age.
Ice AgeA period of time when the earth experienced very low temperatures.
Sea LevelThe elevation of the oceans surface.
Wisconsin GlacierThe name of the conglaciertinetal glacier that formed Long Island's surface features.
LandformA particular feature that is part of the earth's surface.
SedimentsThe materials that make up the earths surface.
ErosionThe taking away of sediment.
Glacial DebrisThe sediment found inside and under the glaci er.
Harbor HILL AdvanceThe second advance of the Wisconsin Glacier occuring about 17,000 years ago.
DepositionThe putting down of sediment.
MoraineA large hill left by the deposition of glacial debris.
Outwash PlainA flat sandy area found downhill of a moraine, formed from sand being washed off.
BluffsSteep hills, formed from erroded headlands being washed away.
Harbor Hill MoraineThe moraine found on the North shore of Long Island.
Ronkonkoma MoraineThe moraine found in the central part of Long Island.ie.Bald Hill.
HarborsLarge depressions or basins cut into the land by large fingers of ice, which is then filled by the rising sea.
KettleholesA depression found in a moraine formed by a large buried chunk of ice melting and leaving a large depression.
KettlelakeWhen a kettlehole comes in contact with an aquifer and fills forming a lake.
Terryville Outwash PlainThe outwash plain found south of the Harbor Hill Moraine
South Shore Outwash PlainThe outwash plain found south of the Ronkonkoma Moraine.

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