| A | B |
|---|
| How many muscles make up system | 600 |
| Cardiac muscle is where | forms walls of heart |
| Smooth muscle is where | found in internal organs |
| Skeletal muscle is where | Attached to bone and causes body movement |
| Involuntary muscles | cardiac and smooth |
| voluntary muscles | skeletal |
| straited with intercalated disks | cardiac muscle |
| Striated without intercalated disks | skeletal |
| not striated | smooth |
| tendons | strong touch connective tissue cords |
| fascia | tough, sheet like membrane that covers and protects tissue |
| origin | when muscle attaches to bone, the end that does not move |
| insertion | the end that moves when muscles contract |
| bursa | small fluid filled sacs |
| where are bursa | lie between some tendons and the bones beneath them |
| bursa filled with | synovial fluid |
| function of bursa | makes it easier for tendons to slide over a bone |
| threshold stimulus | minimal level of stimulation required to cause a muscle fiber to contract |
| twitch | quick, jerky response to stimulus |
| tetanic | sustained and steady response, more than a twitch |
| isotonic | muscle shortens and the insertion end moves toward the point of origin |
| isometric | contraction of muscle does not produce movement |
| atrophy | due to prolonged inactivity, muscle skrinks in mass |
| hypertrophy | exercise may cause increase in muscle size |
| Orbicularis oculi | causes wrinkling, blinking, squinting |
| orbicularis oris | "kissing muscle" |
| 2 muscles that help close jaw | masseter/temporalis |
| styloglossus | retracts and elevates tongue |
| sternocleidomastoid | head flexion |
| 3 muscles of breathing | external/internal intercostals and diaphragm |
| 3 muscles of back | trapezius, rhomboids, latissimus dorsi |
| deltoid | helps with flexion and medial rotation of humerus |
| 3 muscles of abdomen | rectus abdominus, internal/external oblique |
| muscle of back of upper arm | triceps brachii |
| muscle of the front of the upper arm | biceps brachii |
| finger extension | extensor digitorum |
| helps with dorsiflexion | tibialis anterior |
| helps with plantar flexion | soleus |
| abduction | moving away from |
| adduction | moving toward |
| flexion | bending |
| extension | straightening |
| hyperextension | excessive straightening |
| rotation | circular motion |
| pronation | turning downward |
| supination | turning upward |
| inversion | turning inward |
| eversion | turning outward |
| dorsiflexion | bending foot upward |
| plantar flexion | pointing foot downward |
