| A | B |
|---|
| scheme | a change in standard word order or pattern |
| trope | the use of a word, phrase, or image in a way not intended by its normal signification |
| anaphora | a scheme in which the same word or phrase is repeated at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or sentences |
| anastrophe | a scheme in which normal word order is changed for emphasis |
| antithesis | a scheme that makes use of contrasting words, phrases, sentences, or ideas for emphasis |
| apostrophe | a scheme in which a person or abstract quality is directly addressed, whether present or not |
| epistrophe | a scheme in which the same word is repeated at the end of successive phrases, clauses, or sentences |
| hyperbole | a trope composed of exaggerated words or ideals used for emphasis and not meant to be taken literally |
| irony | a trope in which a word or phrase is used to mean the opposite of it's literal meaning |
| litotes | a trope in which one makes a deliberate understatement for emphasis |
| metaphor | a trope in which a word or phrase is transferred from its literal meaning to stand for something else |
| metonymy | a trope that substitutes an associated word for one that is meant |
| oxymoron | a trope that connects two contradictory terms |
| periphrasis | a trope in which one substitutes a descriptive word or phrase for a proper noun |
| personification | a trope in which human qualities or abilities are assigned to inanimate objects |
| pun | a play on words |
| rhetorical question | a trope which asks a leading question |
| simile | a trope in which one states a comparison between two things that are alike, but have similarities |
| synecdoche | a trope in which a part stands for the whole |
| zeugma | a trope in which one verb governs several words or clauses, each in a different sense |
| catachresis | a trope that is a completely impossible figure of speech |
| aporia | a trope in which the writer talks about not being able to talk about something |
| asyndeton | a scheme using no conjunctions to create a effect of speed or simplicity |
| polysyndeton | a scheme using many conjunctions to achieve an overwhelming effect |
| alliosis | a scheme presenting alternatives in a balanced manner |
| onomatapoeia | a trope in which words sound like what they mean |
