| A | B |
|---|
| What are the building blocks of all matter? | atoms |
| The nucleus of an atom is made up of ____ and ____ | protons and neutrons |
| Electrons have a ___ charge | negative |
| Protons have a ___ charge | positive |
| Neutrons have a ___ charge | neutral (no) charge |
| Which type of particle orbits the nucleus? | electrons |
| Positive charges are attracted to ____ charges | negative |
| Positive charges are repelled by ____ charges | positive |
| Negative charges are repelled by ____ charges | negative |
| An electron would be attracted to a _____ | proton |
| The large center region of an atom is called the ___ of the atom | nucleus |
| Each element is different because they have a different number of ____. | protons |
| All of the elements are listed in the ____. | periodic table |
| The ____ number is equal to the number of protons in an atom. | atomic number |
| The ____ number is equal to the number of protons + the number of neutrons. | mass number |
| The mass number is equal to the | number of protons and neutrons |
| The atomic number is equal to the number of ____ in an atom | protons |
| The number below the chemical symbol on the periodic table that has a few decimal places is known as the ____. | average atomic mass |
| If an element has a mass # of 23 and an atomic # of 11, how many protons will it have? Neutrons? | 11 protons and 12 neutrons |
| The _______ is equal to the number of subatomic particles in the nucleus. | mass number |
| Protons, neutrons, and electrons are often referred to as ______ particles. | subatomic |
| Each different element has a different number of _____ in their nucleus. | protons |
What is "A" pointing to and what is its charge?,  | an electron, negative, |
| What is "B" pointing to and what is its charge?, | The nucleus (positive because it consists of positively charged protons and neutral neutrons), |
| What is "C" pointing to and what is its charge?, | proton, positive, |
| What is "D" pointing to and what is its charge?, | neutron, neutral, |
| What is smaller than an electron? | Chuck Norris' sense of fear (but no one has been brave enough to discover it yet),  |
| Atoms of different elements have different numbers of __________. | protons |
| Atoms of the same element always have the ________ number of protons | same |
| ________ are atoms of the same element that have different atomic masses. | Isotopes |
| The isotopes of a particular element all have the same number of ________ and ________ but different numbers of __________. | protons, electrons, neutrons |
| How would you write the hyphen notation of an isotope of carbon that had a mass number of 14 and an atomic number of 6? | carbon-14 (hyphen notation only gives the mass #. The atomic number of any element never changes anyways. You can find that on the periodic table) |
| If you are given the mass number and the atomic number of an element, how do you find the number of neutrons in the nucleus? | # of neutrons = mass# - atomic# |
| If you are given the number of protons and the number of neutrons in an element, how do find the mass number? | add the # of protons to the # of neutrons |
| If you are given the number of protons and the number of neutrons in an element, how do find the atomic number? | The atomic number = the number of protons |
| If you are given the number of protons and the number of neutrons in an element, how do find the name of the element? | Look on the periodic table for the element with an atomic number that = the number of protons you were given |
| If you are given the mass number and the atomic number of an element, how do you find the name of that element? | Look on the periodic table for the element with the same atomic number (The mass number is irrelevant). |
The number 19 on the periodic table box below is the ____ of potassium.,  | atomic number, |
| The number 39.0938 is the _____ of potassium., | average atomic mass (Remember, average atomic mass is the weighted average mass of all the isotopes of an element) |
| According to the image below, how many protons does potassium have?, | 19 (you can tell by the atomic number, which is 19), |
| How many electrons would an atom of potassium have? (Hint: The atomic number is 19 and the average atomic mass is 39.10 amu's), | 19 (the same as the number of protons which is the same as the atomic number, because atoms are electrically neutral so you need the same number of negatively charged electrons as positively charged protons. The average atomic mass doesn't tell you any useful information about the number of electrons), |
| How would you write the nuclear symbol for an isotope of Lithium that has 3 protons and 4 neutrons in its nucleus? | .,  |
| The graphic below shows the nuclear symbol for an isotope of lithium. The superscript 7 refers to the ____ number while the subscript 3 refers to the ____ number., | The 7 is the mass number and the 3 is the atomic number, |
| How many protons and how many neutrons are in this isotope of lithium?, | 3 protons and 4 neutrons (The superscript 7 stands for the mass number which is the number of protons plus neutrons. The subscript 3 is equal to the atomic number which is the number of protons. Subtracting the atomic # from the mass # gives you the number of neutrons), |
| The average atomic mass of an element is the weighted average of all naturally occurring _______ of that element. | isotopes |
| The energy levels (a.k.a - electron shells) of an atom can hold up to ____ electrons. The exception is the first energy level (the one closest to the nucleus) which can hold no more than ___ electrons. | 8, 2 (You will learn in chemistry that from the 3rd energy level on, they can actually hold more electrons, but after they get 8 electrons, they will start filling the next energy level, then go back to filling the rest of the energy level below it. For this course, just remember that 8 electrons in an energy level is considered to be "full," except for the first one which is full at 2 electrons) |
| The energy levels ____ to the nucleus are filled with electrons first before electrons start to fill energy levels _____ from the nucleus. | closest, farther away (For instance, if you have an atom with 19 electrons, you would put the first 2 in the closest energy level to the nucleus so it is full, then 8 in the second level, so it is also full, then 8 in the 3rd energy level, so it is full, then the last one would go in the fourth energy level) |
| _______ electrons are the electrons that are found in the outermost energy level (a.k.a. - electron shell). | Valence |
| Valence electrons are the electrons that are found in the ________ energy level (a.k.a. - electron shell). | outermost |
| If you had an atom with 6 electrons, how many of them would be valence electrons? | 4 (the first 2 electrons would go in the first energy level, closest to the nucleus, while the last 4 electrons would go in the second energy level. Since the second energy level is the outermost energy level, all of the electrons in that energy level are called valence electrons) |
| Another word for energy level is _____ . Energy levels are occupied by ____. | Electron shell, electrons |
| Another word for electron shell is ______. | energy level (They are called energy levels because electrons in different energy levels have a different amount of potential energy. The further away the energy level is from the nucleus, the more potential energy the electrons have0 |
