| A | B |
|---|
| Hobbes | Believed in absolute monarchy |
| Locke | Natural rights of Life, Liberty and Property |
| Diderot | Spent 25 years to publish 28 volume Encyclepedia |
| Rousseau | Social contract-one gives up individual freedoms for the good of the community |
| Wollstonecraft | Mother of equality for women movement |
| Voltaire | Strongly believed in personal liberties and choices-hated by the French govt. and Catholic Church |
| Montesquieu | Believed that government bodies needed to be divided to keep check and balance of power |
| Why Britain was in a position to control trade. | Established outposts in four corners of the world |
| British economic policy | Mercantilism |
| How, in a mercantilistic economy, was there such a favorable business climate in Great Britian? | There were less restrictions on trade than the other countries. |
| The Act of Union - 1707 | Created the United Kingdom of Scotland and England. |
| Mozart | Musician with new classical style |
| British throne inherited by a German prince who could speak no English | George I |
| Cabinet | Loyals members of Parliament appointed to help run the government. |
| Walpole | Whig leader considered the first prime minister |
| English voters | Male property owners |
| During the Enlightenment their lives changed very little | European peasants |
| Daniel Defoe | English novelist who wrote "Robinson Crusoe". |
| Grand, complex style of art and architecture in Greek and Roman tradition | Baroque |
| New art and architecture of the mid 1700's that was more personal, elegant and charming | Rococo |
| Enlightened despot of Prussia, who deemed himself the "first servant of the state". | Frederick II |
| Enlightened despot of Austria, who traveled in disguise among his subjects. | Joseph II |
| Enlightened despot of Russia, who granted nobles a charter of rights. | Catherine II |
| The new audience looking for realistic art without the frills | The growing middle class |
| Absolute rulers who used their powers to bring about social and polictical change. | Enlightened despots |
| Laissez faire | Policy meaning govenment keeps it 'hands off' business |
| Informal social gatherings where writers, artists and philosophes exchanged ideas. | Salon |
| Oligarchy | Power of government in the hands of a few leaders |
| American writer whose phamplet, Common Sense, echoed themes of the Enlightenment. | Thomas Paine |
| The reason the colonies were being heavily taxed. | To pay for their own defense |
| Reason for the Boston Tea Party | Protest for a tax on tea |
| The Declaration of Independence clearly used the ideas of this philosophe. | John Locke |
| The idea that all government power comes from the people. | Popular sovereignty |
| The framers of the Consitiutions used the ideas of these philosophes | Lock, Montesquieu, and Rousseau |
| Federal Republic | Powers divided between the federal, or national,government and the states. |
| Basic belief of the thinkers in the Age of Reason | Through use of reason people and governments could solve social ,economical and political problem |
| With this against them, the cabinet would dissolve. | The vote of the Parliament |
| Two parties emerged in England's Parliament | The Whigs and the Tories |
| Land owning aristocrats who sought to preserve the old traditions | Tories |
| Backed policies that reflected business interests, supported religious toleration and favored Parliament over the crown. | Whigs |
