| A | B |
|---|
| rock | a naturally formed solid mass made of one or more minerals or noncrystalline materials |
| rock cycle | the continuous process by which one rock type changes into another rock type |
| magma | the hot liquid that forms when rock partially or completely melts; may include mineral crystals |
| igneous rock | rock that forms when magma, lava, or pyroclastic material cools and solidifies |
| lava | magma that erupts onto the Earth's surface |
| composition | the makeup of a rock; describes either the minerals or elements present in it |
| texture | the sizes, shapes, and arrangement of particles or grains that a rock is made of |
| sedimentary rock | rock that forms when sediments are compacted and cemented together or when minerals crystallize out of oceans and lakes |
| metamorphic rock | rock that forms when the texture or composition or preexisting rock changes due to heat or pressure |
| intrusive | the type of igneous rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies beneath the Earth's surface |
| extrusive | the type of igneous rock that forms when lava or pyroclastic material cools and solidifies on the Earth's surface |
| strata | layers of sedimentary rock that form from the deposition of sediment |
| stratification | the layering of sedimentary rock |
| foliated | the texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are aligned like the pages of a book |
| nonfoliated | the texture of metamorphic rock in which mineral grains show no alignment |
